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Directed, elliptic and higher order flow harmonics of protons, deuterons and tritons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.4$ GeV
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abstract
Flow coefficients $v_{n}$ of the orders $n = 1 - 6$ are measured with the High-Acceptance DiElectron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI for protons, deuterons and tritons as a function of centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.4$ GeV. Combining the information from the flow coefficients of all orders allows to construct for the first time, at collision energies of a few GeV, a multi-differential picture of the angular emission pattern of these particles. It reflects the complicated interplay between the effect of the central fireball pressure on the emission of particles and their subsequent interaction with spectator matter. The high precision information on higher order flow coefficients is a major step forward in constraining the equation-of-state of dense baryonic matter.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Untangling the interplay of the Equation-of-State and the Collision Term towards the generation of Directed and Elliptic Flow at intermediate energies
In UrQMD simulations of Au+Au at SIS18/SIS100 energies, the final midrapidity elliptic flow is generated late by the mean-field potential during the breakup of a matter bridge, not by early squeeze-out or spectator shadowing.
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Simultaneous description of high density QCD matter in heavy ion collisions and neutron star observations
An equation of state selected to match neutron star mass-radius data also describes HADES heavy-ion observables when implemented with momentum-dependent potentials in UrQMD.
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Extended Skyrme effective interactions with higher-order momentum-dependence for transport models and neutron stars
The authors generalize the Skyrme pseudopotential to N5LO with p^10 momentum dependence, fit it to the optical potential up to 2 GeV, and show the resulting interactions reproduce HADES proton flow data.
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Probing of EoS with clusters and hypernuclei
Using the PHQMD transport model, the paper shows that a soft momentum-dependent nuclear equation of state reproduces most STAR 3 GeV Au+Au data for baryons, clusters and hypernuclei, while a hard equation of state giv...
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Toward a Unified Understanding of the Dense Matter Equation of State
A review of three Bayesian/computational frameworks for combining heavy-ion and astrophysical constraints on the dense-matter equation of state, plus a proposed unified integration workflow.
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Study on the equation-of-state with light clusters and hypernuclei
A review of transport-model constraints on the nuclear equation of state from flow of protons, light clusters, and hypernuclei, concluding that soft momentum-dependent potentials fit few-GeV data best.
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