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Light Black Holes from Light

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arxiv 2505.16202 v1 pith:JBJNRSBB submitted 2025-05-22 hep-th gr-qc

Light Black Holes from Light

classification hep-th gr-qc
keywords lightblackenergyenoughholesformationholeprevent
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Alvarez-Dominguez, Garay, Martin-Martinez, and Polo-Gomez have suggested that ``it is not possible to concentrate enough light to precipitate the formation of an event horizon. We argue that the dissipative quantum effects coming from the self-interaction of light (such as vacuum polarization) are enough to prevent any meaningful buildup of energy that could create a black hole in any realistic scenario,'' and ``the dissipation of energy via Schwinger effect alone is enough to prevent the formation of kugelblitze with radii ranging from $10^{-29}$ to $10^8$ m.'' While I agree that it is indeed highly implausible that black holes will form mainly from light in our actual universe, either naturally or by any foreseeable human activity, there are many idealized theoretical processes for forming black holes of any size down to near the Planck length (about $10^{-35}$ m) purely from photons, such as from colliding approximately plane-wave pulses, with only a small fraction of the energy escaping the black hole as scattered light or electron-positron pairs.

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  1. The weight of light: colliding pulses of radiation in General Relativity

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Focused pulses of electromagnetic radiation can self-gravitate into black holes and, just below the collapse threshold, into ultracompact horizonless states whose measured compactness exceeds the hoop-conjecture value.