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Equation of state and QCD transition at finite temperature

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arxiv 0903.4379 v1 pith:JJID2FXR submitted 2009-03-25 hep-lat hep-phnucl-th

Equation of state and QCD transition at finite temperature

A. Bazavov , T. Bhattacharya , M. Cheng , N.H. Christ , C. DeTar , S. Ejiri , Steven Gottlieb , R. Gupta
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U.M. Heller K. Huebner C. Jung F. Karsch E. Laermann L. Levkova C. Miao R.D. Mawhinney P. Petreczky C. Schmidt R.A. Soltz W. Soeldner R. Sugar D. Toussaint P. Vranas
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classification hep-lat hep-phnucl-th
keywords calculationsequationstatelatticesquarktemperatureactionschiral
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We calculate the equation of state in 2+1 flavor QCD at finite temperature with physical strange quark mass and almost physical light quark masses using lattices with temporal extent Nt=8. Calculations have been performed with two different improved staggered fermion actions, the asqtad and p4 actions. Overall, we find good agreement between results obtained with these two O(a^2) improved staggered fermion discretization schemes. A comparison with earlier calculations on coarser lattices is performed to quantify systematic errors in current studies of the equation of state. We also present results for observables that are sensitive to deconfining and chiral aspects of the QCD transition on Nt=6 and 8 lattices. We find that deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration happen in the same narrow temperature interval. In an Appendix we present a simple parametrization of the equation of state that can easily be used in hydrodynamic model calculations. In this parametrization we also incorporated an estimate of current uncertainties in the lattice calculations which arise from cutoff and quark mass effects. We estimate these systematic effects to be about 10 MeV

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