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Multi-step Jailbreaking Privacy Attacks on ChatGPT

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arxiv 2304.05197 v3 pith:JT2WLHHR submitted 2023-04-11 cs.CL cs.CR

classification cs.CLcs.CR
keywords llmsprivacychatgptthreatscontentdatadownstreamai-generated
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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With the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), many downstream NLP tasks can be well solved given appropriate prompts. Though model developers and researchers work hard on dialog safety to avoid generating harmful content from LLMs, it is still challenging to steer AI-generated content (AIGC) for the human good. As powerful LLMs are devouring existing text data from various domains (e.g., GPT-3 is trained on 45TB texts), it is natural to doubt whether the private information is included in the training data and what privacy threats can these LLMs and their downstream applications bring. In this paper, we study the privacy threats from OpenAI's ChatGPT and the New Bing enhanced by ChatGPT and show that application-integrated LLMs may cause new privacy threats. To this end, we conduct extensive experiments to support our claims and discuss LLMs' privacy implications.

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Cited by 16 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. A First Look at the Security Issues in the Model Context Protocol Ecosystem

    cs.CR 2025-10 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    Analysis of 67,057 servers across six registries reveals widespread conditions for server hijacking and metadata manipulation in MCP, with a new tool MCPInspect flagging 833 vulnerable servers and 18 with suspicious d...

  2. Probing Memorization of Tabular In-Context Learning

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    A new probing framework detects moderate parametric memorization signals in tabular in-context learning models under single-task fine-tuning, strongest on low-cardinality tasks, but signals largely disappear under rea...

  3. Catastrophic Jailbreak of Open-source LLMs via Exploiting Generation

    cs.CL 2023-10 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Varying decoding strategies such as temperature and sampling methods jailbreaks safety alignments in open-source LLMs, raising misalignment from 0% to over 95% at 30x lower cost than prior attacks.

  4. Security--Fidelity Tradeoffs: The Hidden Cost of Prompt Injection Defense

    cs.CR 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Prompt injection defenses create a security-fidelity tradeoff with no model or defense achieving both high security and high fidelity on the SecFid benchmark across 1,168 examples.

  5. Benchmark of Benchmarks: Unpacking Influence and Code Repository Quality in LLM Safety Benchmarks

    cs.CR 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Only 39% of LLM safety benchmark repositories run without modification, 6% include ethical warnings, and adoption tracks author prominence and runnability rather than code quality metrics.

  6. Evaluating the Robustness of Retrieval-Augmented Generation to Adversarial Evidence in the Health Domain

    cs.IR 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Misleading health documents in RAG context sharply lower LLM accuracy, and heavily helpful-biased retrieval pools restore it.

  7. Peering Behind the Shield: Guardrail Identification in Large Language Models

    cs.CR 2025-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    AP-Test identifies deployed guardrails in LLMs via adversarial prompt testing and a match score metric, reporting perfect accuracy on four open-source guardrails.

  8. GPTFUZZER: Red Teaming Large Language Models with Auto-Generated Jailbreak Prompts

    cs.AI 2023-09 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    GPTFuzz is a black-box fuzzing framework that mutates seed jailbreak templates to automatically generate effective attacks, achieving over 90% success rates on models including ChatGPT and Llama-2.

  9. Baseline Defenses for Adversarial Attacks Against Aligned Language Models

    cs.LG 2023-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Baseline defenses including perplexity-based detection, input preprocessing, and adversarial training offer partial robustness to text adversarial attacks on LLMs, with challenges arising from weak discrete optimizers.

  10. "Do Anything Now": Characterizing and Evaluating In-The-Wild Jailbreak Prompts on Large Language Models

    cs.CR 2023-08 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Real-world jailbreak prompts collected from the wild achieve up to 0.95 attack success rates against major LLMs including GPT-4, with some persisting for over 240 days.

  11. Jailbroken: How Does LLM Safety Training Fail?

    cs.LG 2023-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    LLM safety training fails due to competing objectives and mismatched generalization, enabling new jailbreaks that succeed on all unsafe prompts from red-teaming sets in GPT-4 and Claude.

  12. GUARD: Guideline Upholding Test through Adaptive Role-play and Jailbreak Diagnostics for LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    GUARD automates generation of guideline-violating questions and jailbreak diagnostics to test LLM compliance with government ethics guidelines, validated empirically on eight models and extended to vision-language models.

  13. Layer-Wise Perturbations via Sparse Autoencoders for Adversarial Text Generation

    cs.CL 2025-08 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    Sparse autoencoder activation perturbation (SFPF) applied on top of existing jailbreak prompts raises attack success rate on Qwen3-32B, but with no defense evaluation and weak reproducibility.

  14. TrustLLM: Trustworthiness in Large Language Models

    cs.CL 2024-01 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    TrustLLM defines eight trustworthiness principles, creates a six-dimension benchmark, and evaluates 16 LLMs showing proprietary models generally lead but some open-source ones are close while over-calibration can hurt...

  15. Jailbreak Attacks and Defenses Against Large Language Models: A Survey

    cs.CR 2024-07 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that creates taxonomies for jailbreak attacks and defenses on LLMs, subdivides them into sub-classes, and compares evaluation approaches.

  16. The Resurgence of GCG Adversarial Attacks on Large Language Models

    cs.CL 2025-08 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    The paper reports that GCG attack success drops with model size, prefix-based metrics overestimate harm, and coding prompts are more vulnerable, but these findings rest on a small model set and a GPT-4o pipeline that ...

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