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Probabilistic Forward Modeling of Galaxy Catalogs with Normalizing Flows

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arxiv 2405.04740 v1 pith:L5DA7KX6 submitted 2024-05-08 astro-ph.IM astro-ph.CO

classification astro-ph.IMastro-ph.CO
keywords redshiftphoto-zpzflowgalaxytruecatalogsflowsmodeling
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Evaluating the accuracy and calibration of the redshift posteriors produced by photometric redshift (photo-z) estimators is vital for enabling precision cosmology and extragalactic astrophysics with modern wide-field photometric surveys. Evaluating photo-z posteriors on a per-galaxy basis is difficult, however, as real galaxies have a true redshift but not a true redshift posterior. We introduce PZFlow, a Python package for the probabilistic forward modeling of galaxy catalogs with normalizing flows. For catalogs simulated with PZFlow, there is a natural notion of "true" redshift posteriors that can be used for photo-z validation. We use PZFlow to simulate a photometric galaxy catalog where each galaxy has a redshift, noisy photometry, shape information, and a true redshift posterior. We also demonstrate the use of an ensemble of normalizing flows for photo-z estimation. We discuss how PZFlow will be used to validate the photo-z estimation pipeline of the Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC), and the wider applicability of PZFlow for statistical modeling of any tabular data.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. NAE: Normalizing AutoEncoder

    cs.LG 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A conditional surrogate loss that always picks the gradient estimate aligned with the reconstruction loss improves flow autoencoder training and reaches state-of-the-art generative performance on molecules, tabular da...

  2. Probabilistic redshift estimation of unresolved galaxies from multi-band background light maps

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Conditional normalising flows trained on mock multi-band images recover the redshift distribution of unresolved galaxies with sub-percent accuracy in mean and width, under idealized simulation-matched conditions.

  3. Chromatic Effects on the PSF and Shear Measurement for the Roman Space Telescope High-Latitude Wide Area Survey

    astro-ph.CO 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Star-galaxy spectral differences induce shear biases of about 0.2% in Roman's weak-lensing bands and 2% in the wide filter, exceeding requirements and requiring chromatic corrections.

  4. Deep Neural Emulation of the Supermassive Black-hole Binary Population

    astro-ph.IM 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A normalizing flow emulator trained on the full ensemble distribution of gravitational wave strain from simulated supermassive black hole binaries matches the simulations more closely than the Gaussian process emulato...

  5. Regression for Astronomical Data with Realistic Distributions, Errors and Non-linearity

    astro-ph.IM 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A normalizing-flow-based regression method and a KS-test variant estimate intrinsic distributions and error correlations from data; mock tests show they beat standard methods in low-S/N log-linear regression.

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