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Return of Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum in light of recent cosmological tensions
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Return of Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum in light of recent cosmological tensions
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The spectral index $n_s$ of scalar perturbation is the significant initial condition set by inflation theory for our observable Universe. According to Planck results, current constraint is $n_s = 0.965\pm 0.004$, while an exact scale-invaiant Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum, i.e. $n_s=1$, has been ruled out at $8.4\sigma$ significance level. However, it is well-known that the standard $\Lambda$CDM model is suffering from the Hubble tension, which is at $\sim 5\sigma$ significance level. This inconsistency likely indicates that the comoving sound horizon at last scattering surface is actually lower than expected, which so seems to be calling for the return of $n_s=1$. Here, in light of recent observations we find strong evidence for a $n_s=1$ Universe. And we show that if so, it would be confirmed conclusively by CMB-S4 experiment.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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An LLM agent with symbolic regression finds simple inflation potentials that match target CMB observables, but the outputs are fitted to the targets rather than independently predicted.
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EDE models increase inferred α_s from CMB data, strengthening tension with USR PBH models that predict negative running.
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Dynamical dark energy remains preferred across extended models while curvature, neutrino mass and inflation parameters show strong model dependence, with no resolution of the H0 tension.
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Pure early or late fixes to the Hubble tension are tightly constrained; remaining options are combined early-late interacting dark energy or new physics at the local-to-homogeneous transition.
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