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A de Sitter S-matrix from amputated cosmological correlators
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Extending scattering to states with unphysical mass values (particles ``off their mass shell'') has been instrumental in developing modern amplitude technology for Minkowski spacetime. Here, we study the off-shell correlators which underpin the recently proposed S-matrix for scattering on de Sitter spacetime. By labelling each particle with both a spatial momentum and an independent ``energy'' variable (the de Sitter analogue of a 4-momentum), we find that the practical computation of these correlators is greatly simplified. This allows us to derive compact expressions for all 3- and 4-particle S-matrices at tree-level for scalar fields coupled through any derivative interactions. As on Minkowski, we find that the 3-particle and exchange part of the 4-particle S-matrices are unique (up to crossing). The remaining contact part of the 4-particle S-matrix is an analytic function of just two differential operators, which become the usual Mandelstam variables in the Minkowski limit. Finally, we introduce a spectral decomposition for the tree-level exchange of a heavy field responsible for a cosmological collider signal. Once projected onto physical mass eigenstates, these S-matrix elements encode the statistical properties of the early inflationary perturbations.
Forward citations
Cited by 9 Pith papers
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All Tree-Level Massive Cosmological Correlators via Spectral Gluing
Tree-level massive de Sitter correlators are constructed by gluing Lauricella-type vertex functions according to graph combinatorics, and the hypergeometric content collapses to rational functions once the dynamical p...
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Cosmological Correlators in KLF and the Double-Exchange
The double-exchange cosmological correlator is computed in KLF space, yielding a double series over hypergeometric functions that improves on prior four-layer representations.
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Propagator positivity bounds for cosmological correlators
An infinite tower of two-sided positivity bounds constrains the EFT coefficients of heavy fields on de Sitter, ruling out correlators with no unitary/causal UV completion.
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Bootstrapping the Cosmological Collider with Resonant Features
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Unitarity, Recursion and Soft Limits in (EA)dS through Dressing
Structural properties of (E)AdS cosmological correlators—cutting rules, tree theorems, BCFW recursion, and soft limits—are obtained by dressing flat-space amplitudes with auxiliary propagators.
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Correlators are simpler than wavefunctions
Equal-time correlators are simpler than wavefunctions because they come from full-spacetime integrals; this implies fewer poles, cleaner factorization, and a systematic pole expansion whose first subleading term vanishes.
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Cosmological cutting rules for Bogoliubov initial states: any mass and spin
The paper derives modified propagator identities and discontinuity operations that generalize Bogoliubov-state cosmological cutting rules to fields of arbitrary mass and spin.
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Cosmological Correlators at the Loop Level
Using the partial Mellin-Barnes method, the author derives analytic signals from one-loop bubble diagrams in inflation correlators, including the first analytic results for a de Sitter boost-breaking bubble.
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EFT Perspective On de-Sitter S-Matrix
In a carefully chosen limit, the de Sitter scattering amplitude is written as an integral transform of the flat-space amplitude, and requiring energy conservation on exceptional de Sitter scalars reproduces DBI and Sp...
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