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The Evolution of Primordial Black Holes and their Final Observable Spins

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arxiv 2003.02778 v2 pith:LVYY3LPR submitted 2020-03-05 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

The Evolution of Primordial Black Holes and their Final Observable Spins

classification astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph
keywords spinblackholesmassprimordialbinaryredshiftdetectors
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Primordial black holes in the mass range of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors can comprise a significant fraction of the dark matter. Mass and spin measurements from coalescences can be used to distinguish between an astrophysical or a primordial origin of the binary black holes. In standard scenarios the spin of primordial black holes is very small at formation. However, the mass and spin can evolve through the cosmic history due to accretion. We show that the mass and spin of primordial black holes are correlated in a redshift-dependent fashion, in particular primordial black holes with masses below ${\cal O}(30)M_\odot$ are likely non-spinning at any redshift, whereas heavier black holes can be nearly extremal up to redshift $z\sim10$. The dependence of the mass and spin distributions on the redshift can be probed with future detectors such as the Einstein Telescope. The mass and spin evolution affect the gravitational waveform parameters, in particular the distribution of the final mass and spin of the merger remnant, and that of the effective spin of the binary. We argue that, compared to the astrophysical-formation scenario, a primordial origin of black hole binaries might better explain the spin distribution of merger events detected by LIGO-Virgo, in which the effective spin parameter of the binary is compatible to zero except possibly for few high-mass events. Upcoming results from LIGO-Virgo third observation run might reinforce or weaken these predictions.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Primordial black holes spin from cosmological first-order phase transitions

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    The paper derives a quantitative relationship showing that the Kerr parameter a_* of PBHs from first-order phase transitions increases with latent heat α and decreases with transition rate β, reaching typical values o...

  2. Assessing the Impact of Instrumental Requirements on the Scientific Performance of the Einstein Telescope

    astro-ph.IM 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    Degrading the Einstein Telescope's sensitivity in specific frequency bands hurts different science goals in predictable ways, but the mission remains scientifically strong even in the worst modelled cases.

  3. Primordial Black Hole mass growth from neutrinos during the radiation era

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    PBHs of ~1e3–1e7 solar masses can significantly grow by absorbing neutrinos before matter-radiation equality.

  4. Primordial black holes spin from cosmological first-order phase transitions

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Derives quantitative relation between PBH Kerr parameter a* and phase-transition parameters α and β, finding typical a* ~ 10^{-3} without assuming Gaussian perturbations.

  5. GW231123: A Possible Primordial Black Hole Origin

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0

    GW231123's masses and high spins are consistent with primordial black holes that accreted mass and angular momentum in the early universe within the standard PBH framework.

  6. Primordial Black Hole mass growth from neutrinos during the radiation era

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5

    Neutrino absorption lets intermediate-mass and supermassive primordial black holes grow during the radiation era, shifting thermal-history peaks and raising f_PBH.

  7. $\tt BlackHawk$ $\tt v3.0$: Hawking Radiation from Regular Black Holes

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    BlackHawk v3.0 adds Hawking temperatures and greybody factors for multiple regular black hole metrics to an existing public code via numerical routines.

  8. Electromagnetic Signatures From Primordial Black Holes in the Solar System

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Calculations indicate AMEGO-X could detect PBH transits within 0.1 AU while HAWC and LHAASO could observe explosions out to 0.1-0.5 pc, with future events at ~1000 AU potentially producing measurable electromagnetic s...

  9. Electromagnetic Signatures From Primordial Black Holes in the Solar System

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Calculations show AMEGO-X could detect PBH transits within 0.1 AU of Earth while HAWC and LHAASO could see explosions out to 0.1-0.5 pc, with future 1000 AU bursts potentially yielding measurable EM signals unlike the...

  10. CMB Bounds on Primordial Black Holes via Radiation Capture

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Radiation capture by primordial black holes heavier than 10^15 solar masses modifies cosmic expansion enough for Planck CMB data to bound their abundance below 10 percent.

  11. GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run

    gr-qc 2021-11 accept novelty 4.0

    GWTC-3 catalogs 90 compact binary coalescence events with p_astro > 0.5 from LIGO and Virgo's first three observing runs, including the first confident neutron star-black hole binaries.