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Ubiquitous Late Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events

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arxiv 2308.13595 v2 pith:NCYIWZK7 submitted 2023-08-25 astro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords radioemissiondaystdesdelayeddetectedconcludediscovery
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We present radio observations of 23 optically discovered tidal disruption events (TDEs) on timescales of 500-3200 days post discovery. We detect nine new TDEs that did not have detectable radio emission at earlier times, indicating a late-time brightening after several hundred (and up to 2300) days; an additional seven TDEs exhibit radio emission whose origin is ambiguous or may be attributed to the host galaxy or an active galactic nucleus. We also report a new rising component in one TDE previously detected in the radio at 10^3 days. While the radio emission in some of the detected TDEs peaked on a timescale 2-4 yr, over half of the sample still show rising emission. The range of luminosities for the sample is 10^37-10^39 erg/s, about 2 orders of magnitude below the radio luminosity of the relativistic TDE Sw J1644+57. Our data set indicates 40% of all optical TDEs are detected in radio hundreds to thousands of days after discovery, and that this is probably more common than early radio emission peaking at 10^2 days. Using an equipartition analysis, we find evidence for a delayed launch of the radio-emitting outflows, with delay timescales of 500-2000 days, inferred velocities of 0.02-0.15c, and kinetic energies of 10^47-10^49 erg. We rule out off axis relativistic jets as a viable explanation for this population, and conclude delayed outflows are a more likely explanation, possibly from delayed disk formation. We conclude late radio emission marks a fairly ubiquitous but heretofore overlooked phase of TDE evolution.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Triple radio flares from tidal disruption events: jet-wind collisions and the discovery of a third radio flare from AT2020vwl

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The TDE AT2020vwl showed a third radio flare at the time a jet-wind collision was predicted from its first two flares, the first predicted-and-confirmed third flare.

  2. AT2019ijn: a fast-rising, slow-decaying blue optical transient with exceptionally bright radio emission

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    AT2019ijn combines LFBOT-like fast optical rise and blue color with slow decay and radio luminosity peaking late at 2e31 erg/s/Hz, best fit as an off-axis jetted IMBH TDE.

  3. The Radio Properties of Extreme Coronal Line Emitters: Constraints on the Sub-parsec Environment

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    About half of low-redshift ECLEs are radio-bright like TDEs/AGN; SED modeling of four shows the ECL gas is clumpy (f_V ~ 10^{-5}-10^{-2}) and spatially distinct from the radio-emitting region.

  4. A Self-Consistent Framework for Synchrotron Equipartition Analysis

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    Self-consistent equipartition equations that couple self-absorption, hot-proton, and out-of-equipartition corrections raise inferred energies of synchrotron outflows by a factor of ~5 relative to prior independent treatments.

  5. AT 2020nov: Evidence for Disk Reprocessing in a Rare Tidal Disruption Event

    astro-ph.HE 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    AT 2020nov is a tidal disruption event whose double-peaked line profiles, optical/UV SED, and MIR echo are best explained by EUV emission reprocessed by a pre-existing extended accretion disk around a dormant black hole.

  6. Detecting the Black Hole Candidate Population in M51's Young Massive Star Clusters: Constraints on Accreting Intermediate Mass Black Holes

    astro-ph.HE 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    No radio emission was detected from X-ray-bright young massive cluster candidates in M51, placing an upper limit on accreting intermediate-mass black holes above roughly 10^4 solar masses.

  7. Tidal Disruption Events with the SKA

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    With its projected sensitivity, low-frequency coverage, and VLBI, the SKA would shift tidal disruption event radio studies from a handful of events to hundreds, enabling population-level inference on jets, black-hole ...

  8. Mass Determination of Supermassive Black Holes Governing Evolution of Radio Emitters

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A thin-shell model shows that radio-emitting outflows from tidal disruption events expand with a t^(2/3) law under black hole gravity, allowing SMBH masses to be estimated from observed shell radius and velocity.

  9. The Jetted Tidal Disruption Event AT2022cmc: Investigating Connections to the Optical Tidal Disruption Event Population and Spectral Subclasses Through Late-Time Follow-up

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    The thermal component of the jetted TDE AT2022cmc aligns with the featureless luminous optical TDE class, strengthening a possible evolutionary connection between the two populations.

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