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A general, scale-independent description of the sound speed in neutron stars

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arxiv 2207.04417 v2 pith:P3ZTA4D6 submitted 2022-07-10 gr-qc astro-ph.HEnucl-th

classification gr-qcastro-ph.HEnucl-th
keywords soundspeedstarsmaximumneutroncenterconstructdescription
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abstract

Using more than a million randomly generated equations of state that satisfy theoretical and observational constraints we construct a novel, scale-independent description of the sound speed in neutron stars where the latter is expressed in a unit-cube spanning the normalised radius, $r/R$, and the mass normalized to the maximum one, $M/M_{\rm TOV}$. From this generic representation, a number of interesting and surprising results can be deduced. In particular, we find that light (heavy) stars have stiff (soft) cores and soft (stiff) outer layers, respectively, or that the maximum of the sound speed is located at the center of light stars but moves to the outer layers for stars with $M/M_{\rm TOV}\gtrsim0.7$, reaching a constant value of $c_s^2=1/2$ as $M\to M_{\rm TOV}$. We also show that the sound speed decreases below the conformal limit $c_s^2=1/3$ at the center of stars with $M=M_{\rm TOV}$. Finally, we construct an analytic expression that accurately describes the radial dependence of the sound speed as a function of the neutron-star mass, thus providing an estimate of the maximum sound speed expected in a neutron star.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Density dependent speed of sound and its consequences in neutron stars

    nucl-th 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A three-parameter speed-of-sound model reproduces relativistic mean-field neutron-star equations of state and produces curvature and trace-anomaly sign changes without any phase transition.

  2. High-Density Sound Speed and Post-Merger Dynamics

    astro-ph.HE 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The slope of the high-density sound-speed curve shifts the post-merger gravitational-wave peak frequency and ejecta mass, and that peak frequency partially correlates with an integrated 'intrinsic tidal response' — bu...

  3. Can average speed of sound and thermodynamic response functions signal the exotic phases in neutron star cores?

    nucl-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Average speed of sound, its logarithmic derivative, and thermodynamic response functions distinguish sharp-interface versus mixed-phase hadron-quark transitions inside hybrid neutron stars.

  4. Exploring density dependent B as a suitable parameter in higher dimensional approach with a non-linear equation of state

    gr-qc 2025-08 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    A singularity-free higher-dimensional anisotropic star solution is derived, and a density-dependent bag parameter is obtained by fitting a fifth-order polynomial equation of state to PSR J1614-2230.

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