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Black holes and gravitational waves from slow phase transitions

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arxiv 2402.04158 v3 pith:QEBJX2WZ submitted 2024-02-06 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

Black holes and gravitational waves from slow phase transitions

classification astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph
keywords blackgravitationalholeslargeparticularperturbationsphaseslow
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Slow first-order phase transitions generate large inhomogeneities that can lead to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). We show that the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum then consists of a primary component sourced by bubble collisions and a secondary one induced by large perturbations. The latter gives the dominant peak if $\beta/H_0 < 12$, impacting, in particular, the interpretation of the recent PTA data. The GW signal associated with a particular PBH population is stronger than in typical scenarios because of a negative non-Gaussianity of the perturbations and it has a distinguishable shape with two peaks.

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Cited by 16 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Can the universe be matter-dominated after a supercooled first-order phase transition?

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0

    After a supercooled first-order phase transition, the scalar field's equation of state is set by the bubble-wall Lorentz factor γ*, and matter domination is delayed until a/a* ≃ γ* in the free-streaming limit.

  2. Primordial Black Holes from Vector-Induced Curvature Perturbations Sourced by Primordial Magnetic Fields

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Vector modes from primordial magnetic fields remain constant in a kination epoch and source second-order curvature perturbations scaling as P_R(k) ∝ k^{-5}, sufficient for PBH dark matter abundance in a Ratra-type mag...

  3. Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Reheating: The Scalar-Induced Component

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.

  4. Reviving primordial black hole formation in slow first-order phase transitions

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Primordial black hole formation from slow first-order phase transitions remains viable if slow reheating after supercooling creates an early matter-dominated era allowing small overdensities to grow, producing black h...

  5. Theoretical consistency and phenomenology of supercooled cosmological phase transitions

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Applies high-T dimensional reduction for the first time to a classically scale-invariant model, computes NLO nucleation rate via determinants, and predicts LISA-detectable GW from supercooled PT in SU(2)cSM.

  6. Curvature Perturbations from First-Order Phase Transitions: Implications to Black Holes and Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2025-03 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Covariant analysis of curvature perturbations from first-order phase transitions reveals gauge-dependent overestimation of primordial black holes and gravitational waves in prior non-covariant calculations, leading to...

  7. Investigating a strong first-order electroweak phase transition in the RxSM at future linear $e^+e^-$ colliders and LISA

    hep-ph 2026-03 conditional novelty 5.5

    In the RxSM, singlet-driven SFOEWPTs yield strong LISA GW signals with SM-like Higgs couplings, while doublet-driven ones yield large κ_λ deviations visible at ILC1000 but weak GWs.

  8. PBH formation and Gravitational Waves as Multi-messenger Signals of First-order Phase Transitions

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    False-vacuum collapse during first-order phase transitions can form PBHs and emit GWs across a broad parameter range, and MeV-scale classically conformal U(1)_{B-L} symmetry breaking has the largest region where both ...

  9. Primordial Black Holes from Slow Phase Transitions with Delayed Reheating: A Peak-Theory Approach

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PBH production from slow phase transitions with delayed reheating is modeled via peak theory and Monte Carlo simulations, showing extreme sensitivity to reheating efficiency and potential to explain all dark matter.

  10. Late-time Quantum Vacuum Decay and its Cosmological Implications

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Phenomenological late-time vacuum-tunneling models are fit to DESI DR2, supernova, and CMB data, allowing up to 50% vacuum-energy drop for z_t < 1 and a preferred z_t ~7 model that converts ~10% dark matter while easi...

  11. Reviving primordial black hole formation in slow first-order phase transitions

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Slow reheating after a supercooled first-order phase transition allows an early matter-dominated era in which small curvature perturbations grow sufficiently to form primordial black holes.

  12. Phenomenology of Vector Dark Matter produced by a First Order Phase Transition

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Dark sector first-order phase transitions near 10 MeV can substantially modify vector dark matter relic densities away from standard thermal freeze-out predictions, with distinct mass windows and calculable gravitatio...

  13. Thermodynamical uncertainties for primordial black holes from cosmological phase transitions

    hep-ph 2025-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A state-of-the-art thermodynamic analysis of supercooled phase transitions yields a universal lower bound β/H_* ≃ 5 and shows that viable PBH dark-matter parameter space in classically conformal gauge-Higgs theories i...

  14. Numerical simulations of density perturbation and gravitational wave production from cosmological first-order phase transition

    hep-ph 2025-02 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    3D simulations of cosmological first-order phase transitions find density perturbation spectra with k^3 and k^{-1.5} slopes and GW spectra with k^3 and k^{-2}, confirming slow transitions can produce PBHs.

  15. Probing radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with colliders and gravitational waves

    hep-ph 2024-08 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with a logarithmic potential yields analytical vacuum solutions, four thermal history patterns, and supercooled FOPT gravitational waves whose signals combined with collider dat...

  16. Primordial Black Hole Triggered Type Ia Supernovae II: Comparison with Supernova Remnants and Galactic Chemical Evolution

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    PBH-triggered SN Ia models across metallicities match some observed light curves and remnants, constrain the explosion channel fraction via chemical evolution modeling, and indicate PBHs as a potentially major early-u...