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Multi-messenger constraints on the neutron-star equation of state and the Hubble constant

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arxiv 2002.11355 v3 pith:QFCFC5U7 submitted 2020-02-26 astro-ph.HE astro-ph.COgr-qcnucl-th

classification astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COgr-qcnucl-th
keywords neutron-starconstanthubbleelectromagneticequationgravitational-wavemergersobservations
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Observations of neutron-star mergers based on distinct messengers, including gravitational waves and electromagnetic signals, can be used to study the behavior of matter denser than an atomic nucleus, and to measure the expansion rate of the Universe described by the Hubble constant. We perform a joint analysis of the gravitational-wave signal GW170817 with its electromagnetic counterparts AT2017gfo and GRB170817A, and the gravitational-wave signal GW190425, both originating from neutron-star mergers. We combine these with previous measurements of pulsars using X-ray and radio observations, and nuclear-theory computations using chiral effective field theory to constrain the neutron-star equation of state. We find that the radius of a $1.4$ solar mass neutron star is $11.75^{+0.86}_{-0.81}\ \rm km$ at $90\%$ confidence and the Hubble constant is $66.2^{+4.4}_{-4.2}\ \rm km \,Mpc^{-1}\, s^{-1}$ at $1\sigma$ uncertainty.

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