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Bootstrapping Extremal Scalar Amplitudes With and Without Supersymmetry

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arxiv 2412.13368 v1 pith:RENGQSBK submitted 2024-12-17 hep-th

classification hep-th
keywords amplitudesamplitudeextremalspaceallowedboundsentiremassive
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We re-examine positivity bounds on the $2\to2$ scattering of identical massless real scalars with a novel perspective on how these bounds can be used to constrain the spectrum of UV theories. We propose that the entire space of consistent weakly-coupled (and generically non-supersymmetric) UV amplitudes is determined as a convex hull of the massive scalar amplitude and a one-parameter family of scalarless "extremal amplitudes" parameterized by the ratio of the masses of the two lightest massive states. Further, we propose that the extremal amplitudes can be constructed from a similar one-parameter set of maximally supersymmetric amplitudes, leading to the surprising possibility that the S-matrix bootstrap with maximal supersymmetry may be sufficient to determine the entire allowed space of four-point amplitudes! Finally, we show that minimal spectrum input reduces the allowed space of Wilson coefficients to small islands around the open string Dirac-Born-Infeld tree amplitude and the closed string Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. String Theory from Maximal Supersymmetry

    hep-th 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 8.0 of 10

    The open string Veneziano amplitude emerges as the unique tree-level completion of N=4 super Yang-Mills when supersymmetry, factorization, and positivity are imposed.

  2. (Super)$\,$Gravity from Positivity

    hep-th 2025-07 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    Positivity of scattering amplitudes forces weakly coupled EFTs of a massive spin-3/2 particle to include gravity, and for charged states a gauged photon with g=2 and WGC-saturating charge.

  3. Analytic Boundaries of Infinite-Spin-Tower Amplitudes from Hidden Zero

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The exact analytic boundary of unitary infinite-spin-tower amplitudes is derived and shown to be maximal unless energy poles accumulate.

  4. Gravitational Effective Theories with Maximal Supersymmetry and a Peculiar Parity

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Peculiar parity plus N=8 SUSY, tree-level factorization, and finitely many states at the mass gap uniquely select the Virasoro–Shapiro amplitude among weakly-coupled UV completions of N=8 supergravity.

  5. Strings from Almost Nothing

    hep-th 2025-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Ultrasoft, minimally structured scattering amplitudes are forced onto the Veneziano and Virasoro-Shapiro amplitudes of string theory.

  6. Splitting Regions and Shrinking Islands from Higher Point Constraints

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Imposing 5-point split conditions and unitarity bounds selects the string beta function as the unique 4-point amplitude, up to equal-mass infinite spin towers.

  7. Higher-Spin and Higher-Point Constraints on Stringy Amplitudes

    hep-th 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Factorization at the second excited mass level forces the Regge intercept to the bosonic string value, and large-level multipositivity bounds forbid the simplest Gross satellite deformation of four-point superstring a...

  8. The Rise of Linear Trajectories

    hep-th 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Numerical S-matrix bootstrap shows that maximized couplings of the second and third higher-spin resonances select spectra lying on a linear Regge trajectory, anchored by the graviton in gravitational theories.

  9. Bootstrapping Gravity with Crossing Symmetric Dispersion Relations

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A crossing-symmetric dispersion-relation bootstrap reproduces known gravitational EFT bounds and gives new tree-level limits on the graviton coupling to a massive spin-4 state.

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