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LLM Uncertainty Quantification through Directional Entailment Graph and Claim Level Response Augmentation

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arxiv 2407.00994 v2 pith:RPFBE2IW submitted 2024-07-01 cs.CL

LLM Uncertainty Quantification through Directional Entailment Graph and Claim Level Response Augmentation

classification cs.CL
keywords uncertaintydirectionalgraphaugmentationentailmentgivenlaplacianllms
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The Large language models (LLMs) have showcased superior capabilities in sophisticated tasks across various domains, stemming from basic question-answer (QA), they are nowadays used as decision assistants or explainers for unfamiliar content. However, they are not always correct due to the data sparsity in specific domain corpus, or the model's hallucination problems. Given this, how much should we trust the responses from LLMs? This paper presents a novel way to evaluate the uncertainty that captures the directional instability, by constructing a directional graph from entailment probabilities, and we innovatively conduct Random Walk Laplacian given the asymmetric property of a constructed directed graph, then the uncertainty is aggregated by the derived eigenvalues from the Laplacian process. We also provide a way to incorporate the existing work's semantics uncertainty with our proposed layer. Besides, this paper identifies the vagueness issues in the raw response set and proposes an augmentation approach to mitigate such a problem, we conducted extensive empirical experiments and demonstrated the superiority of our proposed solutions.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. SpanUQ: Span-Level Uncertainty Quantification for Large Language Model Generation

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    A DETR-style probe distills multi-sample claim uncertainty into single-pass span detection and continuous Mixture-of-Beta scores, outperforming baselines on a new 293K-span benchmark.

  2. Are LLM Uncertainty and Correctness Encoded by the Same Features? A Functional Dissociation via Sparse Autoencoders

    cs.LG 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Uncertainty and correctness in LLMs are encoded by distinct feature populations, with suppression of confounded features improving accuracy and reducing entropy.

  3. The Origins of Stochasticity: Comprehensive Investigations on Uncertainty Quantification for Large Language Models

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    The paper introduces a four-source uncertainty taxonomy for LLMs and finds that consensus-based UQ methods outperform others while larger models show lower uncertainty estimates.

  4. Position: Uncertainty Quantification in LLMs is Just Unsupervised Clustering

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Mainstream UQ for LLMs reduces to unsupervised clustering of internal generation consistency and therefore cannot detect confident hallucinations or provide reliable safety signals.

  5. The Sim-to-Real Gap of Foundation Model Agents: A Unified MDP Perspective

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    The paper proposes a unified MDP-based research agenda for addressing sim-to-real gaps in foundation model agents and advocates adopting classical solutions such as domain randomization.