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On Expressive Power of Looped Transformers: Theoretical Analysis and Enhancement via Timestep Encoding

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arxiv 2410.01405 v7 pith:S6NG5FS4 submitted 2024-10-02 cs.LG

On Expressive Power of Looped Transformers: Theoretical Analysis and Enhancement via Timestep Encoding

classification cs.LG
keywords loopedencodingtimesteptransformersanalysisapproximationexpressivepower
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Looped Transformers provide advantages in parameter efficiency, computational capabilities, and generalization for reasoning tasks. However, their expressive power regarding function approximation remains underexplored. In this paper, we establish the approximation rate of Looped Transformers by defining the modulus of continuity for sequence-to-sequence functions. This reveals a limitation specific to the looped architecture. That is, the analysis prompts the incorporation of scaling parameters for each loop, conditioned on timestep encoding. Experiments validate the theoretical results, showing that increasing the number of loops enhances performance, with further gains achieved through the timestep encoding.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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  3. A Mechanistic Analysis of Looped Reasoning Language Models

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  4. Coevolutionary Continuous Discrete Diffusion: Make Your Diffusion Language Model a Latent Reasoner

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  5. Anti Mode-Collapse in Mean-Field Transformer via Auxiliary Variables

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    Auxiliary variables prevent mode collapse in mean-field transformers, with the limit distribution being the pushforward of the auxiliary distribution, and positional encoding and prompt insertion have universality of ...

  6. Simply Stabilizing the Loop via Fully Looped Transformer

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    Fully Looped Transformer stabilizes looped transformer training up to 12 iterations via fully looped architecture and attention injection, yielding up to 13.2% better downstream performance.