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Islands and stretched horizon

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arxiv 2011.08814 v3 pith:SB7MNIDW submitted 2020-11-17 hep-th gr-qc

Islands and stretched horizon

classification hep-th gr-qc
keywords blackholeinformationspacetimeentanglemententropyhawkinghorizon
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Recently it was proposed that the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains the information of a region including the interior of the event horizon, which is called "island." In studies of the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation, the total system in the black hole geometry is separated into the Hawking radiation and black hole. In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy of the black hole in the asymptotically flat Schwarzschild spacetime. Consistency with the island rule for the Hawking radiation implies that the information of the black hole is located in a different region than the island. We found an instability of the island in the calculation of the entanglement entropy of the region outside a surface near the horizon. This implies that the region contains all information of the total system and the information of the black hole is localized on the surface. Thus the surface would be interpreted as the stretched horizon. This structure also resembles black holes in the AdS spacetime with an auxiliary flat spacetime, where the information of the black hole is localized at the interface between the AdS spacetime and the flat spacetime.

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Forward citations

Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Entanglement islands, fuzzballs and stretched horizons

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Fuzzball models with stretched horizons modify or eliminate entanglement islands depending on boundary conditions and cap geometry, producing information paradox analogues in some cases.

  2. New insights on mutual information in the island approach to the Page curve

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    At scrambling time I(B+:B−)=0 forces I(I:R)→∞, interpreted as conservation of geometric correlation, while I(I:R+:R−) is shown always negative via Cauchy-slice identities.

  3. On Black Holes Surrounded by Radiation II: Thermodynamics

    hep-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Hillingar black holes thermodynamically mimic ordinary black holes of mass M, sharing temperature and entropy under thermal equilibrium.