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The pressure distribution and shear forces inside the proton

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arxiv 1810.07589 v3 pith:SBTSGRQM submitted 2018-10-17 nucl-th hep-lathep-ph

classification nucl-thhep-lathep-ph
keywords pressureprotoncalculationslqcdshearcontributionsdistributiondistributions
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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The distributions of pressure and shear forces inside the proton are investigated using lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD) calculations of the energy momentum tensor, allowing the first model-independent determination of these fundamental aspects of proton structure. This is achieved by combining recent LQCD results for the gluon contributions to the energy momentum tensor with earlier calculations of the quark contributions. The utility of LQCD calculations in exploring, and supplementing, the assumptions in a recent extraction of the pressure distribution in the proton from deeply virtual Compton scattering experiments is also discussed. Based on this study, the target kinematics for experiments aiming to determine the pressure and shear distributions with greater precision at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and a future Electron Ion Collider are investigated.

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