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Getting the most on supernova axions
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abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) coupled to nucleons might be copiously emitted from a supernova (SN) core. We extend existing bounds on free-streaming ALPs to the case in which these are so strongly-interacting with the nuclear matter to be trapped in the SN core. For strongly-interacting ALPs, we also extend the bound from the absence of an ALP-induced signal in Kamiokande-II neutrino detector at the time of SN 1987A. We find that combining the different arguments, SNe exclude values of ALP-nucleon coupling $g_{aN}\gtrsim10^{-9}$ for ALP masses $m_a\lesssim 1\,\mathrm{MeV}$. Remarkably, in the case of canonical QCD axion models, the SN bounds exclude all values of $m_a \gtrsim 10^{-2}\,\mathrm{eV}$. This result prevents the possibility for current and future cosmological surveys to detect any signatures due to hot dark matter QCD axion mass.
Forward citations
Cited by 18 Pith papers
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Spin-Dependent Scattering of Sub-GeV Dark Matter: Models and Constraints
A new calculation of spin-dependent sub-GeV dark matter phonon scattering shows only the light scalar mediator model retains testable parameter space, conditional on the supernova trapping window.
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Broadband phonon production from axion absorption
Random nuclear spin orientations break momentum conservation, so axion absorption in crystals excites phonons across the whole Brillouin zone, yielding a broadband detection rate proportional to the phonon density of states.
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Solar axion searches with RES-NOVA: projected sensitivity and first prototype limit
RES-NOVA's projected 1 ton-year sensitivity reaches within a factor of ~2 of XENONnT on the solar-axion electron coupling, and a 32.4 g-day archaeological-lead prototype excludes new parts of the (g_ae, g_aγ) plane.
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MeV Electrophilic Axion-like Particles from Sun
MeV axion-like particles could be made when 5.5 MeV solar fusion photons Compton-scatter off electrons; current LZ, PandaX-4T and Borexino data would then constrain g_ae to (1.7-3.7)e-6 in the 0.4-1 MeV window.
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Probing Light Particles With Optically Trapped Sensors Through Nucleon Scattering
Optically trapped nanosphere arrays could detect nuclear recoils from solar ALPs, sub-keV pseudoscalar/vector dark matter, and Earth-bound dark matter, opening new tabletop search windows in previously unconstrained p...
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In-flight positron annihilation as a probe of feebly interacting particles
In-flight annihilation of positrons produced by supernova feebly interacting particles gives the strongest astrophysical bounds on their electron couplings for masses of roughly 10-200 MeV, covering ALPs, sterile neut...
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Disentangling axion-like particle couplings to nucleons via a delayed signal in Super-Kamiokande from a future supernova
A future nearby supernova could reveal sub-MeV axion-like particles through a delayed ~30 MeV photon signal in Super-Kamiokande and Hyper-Kamiokande, probing couplings down to about 3 x 10^-6.
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Time-delayed gamma-ray signatures of heavy axions from core-collapse supernovae
No gamma-ray excess from four supernovae in Fermi-LAT data yields the strongest constraints yet on MeV-to-GeV heavy axions coupled to both QED and QCD.
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Probing a diffuse flux of axion-like particles from galactic supernovae with neutrino water Cherenkov detectors
MeV-mass axion-like particles from galactic supernovae can form a diffuse flux detectable via a p -> p gamma in water Cherenkov detectors, and Super-Kamiokande data exclude a new region of the ALP parameter space.
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Axion-induced pair production: a new strategy for axion detection
Axion-induced pair production in a nuclear electric field is the dominant detection channel for axions above roughly 10 MeV and substantially improves projected supernova axion sensitivities.
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Gamma Rays from ALP-Photon Conversion and Inverse Compton Reprocessing in Neutron Star Magnetospheres
ALP-to-photon conversion near four pulsars produces mostly sub-MeV emission: Fermi-LAT is insensitive to the channel, COMPTEL data already exclude new parameter space at high ALP mass, and COSI could probe much more.
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Direct detection of solar chameleons with electron recoil data from XENONnT
XENONnT electron-recoil data bound solar chameleons to log10 β_eff < −6.9, independent of the potential index n for inverse power-law chameleons at the dark-energy scale.
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Electric Dipole Moments From Missed Dark Matter Scattering
Missed scattering of axion-like dark matter is argued to induce an apparent electric dipole moment, yielding new, stronger constraints on the ALP-electron and ALP-proton couplings.
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NuSTAR bounds on radiatively decaying particles from M82
NuSTAR's non-detection of an X-ray halo from decaying axions around M82 excludes a previously allowed window of axion-photon coupling for 30-500 keV axion masses.
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Fresh look at the diffuse ALP background from supernovae
Adding pion conversion to the diffuse supernova ALP background tightens the Fermi-LAT bound on the ALP-photon coupling to about 2e-13 GeV^-1 for ultralight ALPs, and SN 1987A remains roughly ten times stronger.
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Glueball Axion-Like Particles
A pseudoscalar glueball from a dark Yang-Mills sector, called a GALP, is shown to behave like an axion-like particle and to be a viable dark matter candidate with a predicted mass-coupling relation.
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Axions at the meV Crossroads: Theory, Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Experiments
The meV axion window is presented as a coherent, cross-validated search program in which string theory, stellar cooling, dark matter, and new detector concepts converge on the same mass range.
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Status and Perspectives on Axion Searches
A concise review of axion and ALP search experiments, their recent limits, and upcoming projects.
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