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Echoes of Inflationary First-Order Phase Transitions in the CMB
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Echoes of Inflationary First-Order Phase Transitions in the CMB
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Cosmological phase transitions (CPTs), such as the Grand Unified Theory (GUT) and the electroweak (EW) ones, play a significant role in both particle physics and cosmology. In this letter, we propose to probe the first-order CPTs, by detecting gravitational waves (GWs) which are generated during the phase transitions through the cosmic microwave background (CMB). If happened around the inflation era, the first-order CPTs may yield low-frequency GWs due to bubble dynamics, leaving imprints on the CMB. In contrast to the nearly scale-invariant primordial GWs caused by vacuum fluctuation, these bubble-generated GWs are scale dependent and have non-trivial B-mode spectra. If decoupled from inflaton, the EWPT during inflation may serve as a probe for the one after reheating where the baryon asymmetry could be generated via EW baryogenesis (EWBG). The CMB thus provides a potential way to test the feasibility of the EWBG, complementary to the collider measurements of Higgs potential and the direct detection of GWs generated during EWPT.
Forward citations
Cited by 1 Pith paper
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Tunnelling out of Starobinsky inflation: Raising the spectral tilt
A first-order phase-transition exit from a displaced Starobinsky branch truncates ~12 e-folds, shifting the spectral tilt from n_s≈0.965 to ≈0.973 at r≈2×10⁻³.
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