Quantum fluctuations in modulated nonlinear oscillators

With a modulated oscillator, we study several effects of quantum fluctuations far from thermal equilibrium. One of them is quantum heating, where quantum fluctuations lead to a finite-width distribution of a resonantly modulated oscillator over its quasienergy (Floquet) states. We also analyze large rare fluctuations responsible for the tail of the quasienergy distribution and switching between the states of forced vibrations. We find an observable characteristic of these fluctuations, the most probable paths followed by the quasienergy in rare events, and in particular in switching. We also explore the discontinuous change of the most probable switching path where the detailed balance condition is broken. For oscillators modulated by a nonresonant field, we compare different mechanisms of the field-induced cooling and heating of the oscillator.