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QED medium effects in (anti)neutrino-nucleus and electron-nucleus scattering: elastic scattering on nucleons

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arxiv 2206.10637 v2 pith:XXD43NKZ submitted 2022-06-21 nucl-th hep-exhep-phnucl-ex

classification nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-ex
keywords scatteringantieffectsmediumneutrino-nucleuschargedcrosselastic
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abstract

Interpretation of current and future neutrino oscillation and electron scattering experiments requires knowledge of lepton-nucleon and lepton-nucleus interactions at the percent level. We study the exchange of photons between charged particles and the nuclear medium for (anti)neutrino-, electron-, and muon-induced reactions inside a large nucleus. While quantum electrodynamics (QED)-medium contributions are formally suppressed by two powers of the electromagnetic coupling constant $\alpha$ when compared to the leading-order cross sections, low-energy modes and the nuclear size enhance the effect by orders of magnitude. They require a proper infrared regularization, which we implement as a screening of the electromagnetic interactions at atomic length scales or above. We provide approximate analytic expressions for the distortion of (anti)neutrino-nucleus and charged lepton-nucleus cross sections and evaluate the QED-medium effects for realistic values of the screening scale on the example of elastic scattering with nucleons inside the nucleus. We find new permille- to percent-level effects, which were not considered in either (anti)neutrino-nucleus or electron-nucleus scattering.

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  1. QED nuclear medium effects at EIC energies

    nucl-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    QED interactions between electrons and the screened Coulomb field of a lead nucleus produce percent-level corrections to elastic and inclusive deep-inelastic scattering rates at EIC energies.

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