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Vector Wave Dark Matter and Terrestrial Quantum Sensors

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arxiv 2403.02381 v3 pith:Y6KHDIWL submitted 2024-03-04 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

Vector Wave Dark Matter and Terrestrial Quantum Sensors

classification hep-ph astro-ph.CO
keywords darkvectoraccountcouplingcouplingsearthellipsefield
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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(Ultra)light spin-$1$ particles -- dark photons -- can constitute all of dark matter (DM) and have beyond Standard Model couplings. This can lead to a coherent, oscillatory signature in terrestrial detectors that depends on the coupling strength. We provide a signal analysis and statistical framework for inferring the properties of such DM by taking into account (i) the stochastic and (ii) the vector nature of the underlying field, along with (iii) the effects due to the Earth's rotation. Owing to equipartition, on time scales shorter than the coherence time the DM field vector typically traces out a fixed ellipse. Taking this ellipse and the rotation of the Earth into account, we highlight a distinctive three-peak signal in Fourier space that can be used to constrain DM coupling strengths. Accounting for all three peaks, we derive latitude-independent constraints on such DM couplings, unlike those stemming from single-peak studies. We apply our framework to the search for ultralight $B - L$ DM using optomechanical sensors, demonstrating the ability to delve into previously unprobed regions of this DM candidate's parameter space.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Background-Induced Forces from Quadratically Coupled Ultralight Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Earth screening of quadratically coupled ultralight dark matter produces a multi-band frequency structure in the induced force whose sideband amplitudes vary annually, enabling improved constraints from MICROSCOPE and...

  2. Neutrino-Antineutrino Conversion from Ultralight Vector Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Majorana neutrinos convert to antineutrinos in ultralight vector dark matter backgrounds coupled to lepton number, enabling supernova neutrino detectors to probe gauge couplings as small as 10^{-32} for masses around ...

  3. Towards the Direct Detection of Composite Ultraheavy Dark Matter in Quantum Sensor Arrays

    hep-ph 2025-12 accept novelty 6.0

    A quantum sensor array could be sensitive to Planck-mass composite dark matter with radii around a centimeter via Yukawa forces, with a signal that scales as λ² instead of exponentially for short screening lengths.

  4. Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter with MOLeQuTE: a Massive Optically Levitated Quantum Tabletop Experiment

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0

    A proposed optically levitated milligram-scale plate sensor could reach the standard quantum limit and probe new parameter space for ultralight B-L vector dark matter.