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Can gravitational-wave memory help constrain binary black-hole parameters? A LISA case study

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arxiv 2301.13228 v2 pith:Z4LZEEV3 submitted 2023-01-30 gr-qc astro-ph.HE

Silvia Gasparotto , Rodrigo Vicente , Diego Blas , Alexander C. Jenkins , Enrico Barausse This is my paper · ORCID
classification gr-qcastro-ph.HE
keywords memorybinariesblacklisabinaryeffectholeinformation
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abstract

Besides the transient effect, the passage of a gravitational wave also causes a persistent displacement in the relative position of an interferometer's test masses through the \emph{nonlinear memory effect}. This effect is generated by the gravitational backreaction of the waves themselves, and encodes additional information about the source. In this work, we explore the implications of using this information for the parameter estimation of massive binary black holes with LISA. Based on a Fisher analysis for nonprecessing black hole binaries, our results show that the memory can help to reduce the degeneracy between the luminosity distance and the inclination for binaries observed only for a short time ($\sim$~few hours) before merger. To assess how many such short signals will be detected, we utilized state-of-the-art predictions for the population of massive black hole binaries and models for the gaps expected in the LISA data. We forecast from tens to few hundreds of binaries with observable memory, but only~$\sim \mathcal{O}(0.1)$ events in 4 years for which the memory helps to reduce the degeneracy between distance and inclination. Based on this, we conclude that the new information from the nonlinear memory, while promising for testing general relativity in the strong field regime, has probably a limited impact on further constraining the uncertainty on massive black hole binary parameters with LISA.

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Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Scalar memory from compact binary coalescences

    gr-qc 2026-05 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    In Ricci-coupled scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the change in scalar charge during binary black hole mergers generates a scalar memory contribution that modifies the total memory signal on observable timescales.

  2. Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves: universal characteristics of strongly lensed memory waveforms

    gr-qc 2025-10 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Strongly lensed gravitational-wave memory waveforms acquire universal parity signatures—odd for type I/III images, even for type II—that can identify image type via a simple step-function approximation.

  3. Nonlinear Gravitational Memory in the Post-Minkowskian Expansion

    hep-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Exact-in-velocity formulas for the O(G^3) nonlinear gravitational memory multipoles from two-body scattering, derived with scattering amplitudes and reverse unitarity, and matched to post-Newtonian results.

  4. Probing Gravity -- Fundamental Aspects of Metric Theories and their Implications for Tests of General Relativity

    gr-qc 2024-12 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Gravitational wave memory is shown to arise naturally from the Isaacson backreaction formalism in general metric theories of gravity, unifying null and ordinary memory and providing a memory formula valid beyond GR.

  5. Scalar kicks and memory

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For hyperbolic binaries, a conformally coupled scalar changes the memory and zero-frequency power while a disformally coupled scalar changes only the center-of-mass kick.

  6. Gravitational memory and Ward identities in the local detector frame

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Gravitational memory in TT gauge is encoded in large residual diffeomorphisms that equal BMS transformations, and their Ward identities yield soft graviton theorems and flat-space consistency relations.

  7. Gravitational memory and soft theorems: The local perspective

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Gravitational memory is shown to be a large residual coordinate transformation in TT gauge, yielding new flat-space soft theorems for equal-time correlators that mirror inflationary consistency relations.

  8. A stepping stone toward detecting gravitational wave memory: a cumulative analysis with the full $(\ell=2, m=0)$ spherical harmonic using events from GWTC-4.0 and GWTC-5.0

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    Cumulative log10 Bayes factor of 1.38±0.79 favors the full (2,0) mode in GWTC-4.0; decisive evidence is projected to need ~166 events under optimistic assumptions.

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