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Single and Pair Production of Doubly Charged Higgs Bosons at Hadron Colliders

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A.G. Akeroyd, Mayumi Aoki

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 17 Jun 2005 · 51 references

Pith's verdict: A careful, honestly scoped extension that fixes how Tevatron H±± limits should be quoted — with one unexamined efficiency assumption carrying the headline number.

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arXiv IDhep-ph/0506176 (version 2)
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CitationA.G. Akeroyd, Mayumi Aoki. "Single and Pair Production of Doubly Charged Higgs Bosons at Hadron Colliders." arXiv:hep-ph/0506176 (2005). https://pith.science/paper/SSQHWBXM
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The paper

The paper claims

Adding the single-production channel q'qbar to H++H- to doubly charged Higgs searches raises the Tevatron mass reach from about 133 GeV to about 150-160 GeV, and the H++ to H+W* decay reshapes leptonic branching ratios across seven neutrino mass orderings.

The reading

A doubly charged Higgs boson would leave an unmistakable signature at a hadron collider: two same-sign leptons of high invariant mass, with almost no Standard Model background. Searches at the Tevatron have assumed these bosons are made in pairs through a photon or Z. This paper points out that the existing search strategy, which only requires one same-sign lepton pair in the event, is also sensitive to single production, where a quark and antiquark annihilate through an off-shell W into one doubly charged Higgs plus one singly charged Higgs. That channel carries a gauge coupling rather than a small Yukawa coupling, so it is not suppressed. The authors compute both cross sections at leading order with CTEQ6L1 parton distributions, take QCD K factors from the literature, and define an inclusive single-production cross section as the sum of the pair and single channels. At the Tevatron the single channel is between 0.8 and 2.2 times the pair channel over the mass range 100 to 200 GeV, so the quoted mass limits move up from roughly 133, 115 and 136 GeV to roughly 150, 130 and 150 GeV for a 20 GeV positive splitting, and to 160, 140 and 160 GeV for a 20 GeV negative splitting. At the LHC the reach at fixed cross section extends from about 600 GeV to about 750 GeV. The second half of the paper assumes the neutrino mass matrix comes entirely from the triplet Yukawa couplings, which fixes the ratios of the leptonic branching ratios once the neutrino mass ordering is chosen. The authors then add the competing decay of the doubly charged Higgs into a singly charged Higgs plus a virtual W, which is kinematically open when the mass splitting is positive and can dominate when the triplet vacuum expectation value is large. Contours of that branching ratio and plots of the leptonic信号
Extended reading notes

Core claim

The inclusive single-production cross section, defined in Eq. 12 as the sum of pair production and the q'qbar to H++H- channel, is the quantity that should be compared with the Tevatron exclusion region, and including the single channel raises the mass limits from 133, 115 and 136 GeV to 150, 130 and 150 GeV (for mH+ = mH++ + 20 GeV) and to 160, 140 and 160 GeV (for mH+ = mH++ - 20 GeV). The supporting number is the ratio R in Eq. 13, which the authors compute to lie between 0.8 and 2.2 at the Tevatron.

Load-bearing premise

The QCD K factor for the single-production process q'qbar to H++H- is not computed; the authors state in Section 3 that they simply take the same K = 1.3 (Tevatron) and K = 1.25 (LHC) used for pair production, citing an MSSM H+A0 calculation that gives K about 1.2. Since the central claim is a ratio of the two channels, an uncomputed relative K factor propagates directly into R and into the quoted mass shifts.

Original abstract

Current searches for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^{\pm\pm}) at the Fermilab Tevatron are sensitive to single production of H^{\pm\pm}, although the pair production mechanism q\bar q\to H^{++}H^{--} is assumed to be dominant. In the context of a Higgs Triplet Model we study the mechanism q'\bar q\to H^{\pm\pm}H^{\mp} at the Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider, and show that its inclusion can significantly improve the search potential for H^{\pm\pm}. Moreover, assuming that the neutrino mass is generated solely by the triplet field Yukawa coupling to leptons, we compare the branching ratios of H^{\pm\pm}\to l^\pm l^\pm and H^{\pm\pm}\to H^\pm W^* for the cases of a normal hierarchical, inverted hierarchical and degenerate neutrino mass spectrum.

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged, kept beside the review and separate from it. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 3,282 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.21 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.18 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.07 · compares with prior results 0.70 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

Current searches for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^{\pm\pm}) at the Fermilab Tevatron are sensitive to single production of H^{\pm\pm}, although the pair production mechanism q\bar q\to H^{++}H^{--} is assumed to be dominant. In the context of a Higgs Triplet Model we study the mechanism q'\bar q\to H^{\pm\pm}H^{\mp} at the Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider, and show that its inclusion can significantly improve the search potential for H^{\pm\pm}. Moreover, assuming that the neutrino mass is generated solely by the triplet field Yukawa coupling to leptons, we compare the branching ratios of H^{\pm\pm}\to l^\pm l^\pm and H^{\pm\pm}\to H^\pm W^* for the cases of a normal hierarchical, inverted hierarchical and degenerate neutrino mass spectrum.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 Current searches for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^{\pm\pm}) at the Fermilab Tevatron are sensitive to single production of H^{\pm\pm}, although the pair production mechanism q\bar q\to H^{++}H^{--} is assumed to be dominant. background 0.98 0.07 0.06 asserted 1.00
s1 In the context of a Higgs Triplet Model we study the mechanism q'\bar q\to H^{\pm\pm}H^{\mp} at the Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider, and show that its inclusion can significantly improve the search potential for H^{\pm\pm}. contribution 1.00 0.93 0.67 asserted 0.99
s2 Moreover, assuming that the neutrino mass is generated solely by the triplet field Yukawa coupling to leptons, we compare the branching ratios of H^{\pm\pm}\to l^\pm l^\pm and H^{\pm\pm}\to H^\pm W^* for the cases of a normal hierarchical, inverted hierarchical and degenerate neutrino mass spectrum. contribution 0.79 0.86 0.08 asserted 0.82

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 0.90 · evidence from simulation or computation 0.78.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
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  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
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  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

Figures
Figure 1. (a) Single production cross-section of H±± (σH±± ) at the Tevatron as a function of mH±± for different values of mH± . (b) Ratio R as a function of mH±± . We use CTEQ6L1 parton distribution functions. At the Tevatron σ(pp → H++H−) = σ(pp → H−−H+) while at the LHC σ(pp → H++H−) > σ(pp → H−−H+). If a signal for H±± were found in the 2 lepton channel, subsequent searches could select signal events with 3 or 4 leptons, in order to disentangle qq → H++H−− and q ′ q → H±±H∓. In our numerical analysis we utilize the CTEQ6L1 parton distribution functions (pdfs) [45]. We take the…
Figure 2. (a) Single production cross-section of H±± (σH±± ) at the LHC as a function of mH±± for different values of mH± . (b) Ratio R as a function of mH±± . We use CTEQ6L1 parton distribution functions. 8
Figure 3. Contours of BR(H±± → H±W∗ ) in the plane (mH±± , v∆), for NH (a), IH (b) and DG (c). We take mH± = mH±± − 20 GeV. From Fig.3 it is clear that BR(H±± → H±W∗ ) can be sizeable, and approaches 100% for larger v∆. For a fixed value of v∆, one can see that BR(H±± → H±W∗ ) is relatively more important in NH and IH than in DG. This can be understood from Eq. 20, since DG requires heavier neutrinos (and thus larger hij ) which in turn reduces BR(H±± → H±W∗ ). One can consider three distinct scenarios with very different magnitudes for BR(H±± → H±W∗ ) and BR(H±± → l ±l ±): 10
Figure 4. σll as a function of mH±± for NH with (a) mH± = mH±± and (b) mH± = mH±± − 20 GeV . 12
Figure 5. σll as a function of mH±± for (a) IH1 and (b) IH2. 6 Conclusions We have studied the production of doubly charged Higgs bosons (H±±) at hadron colliders in the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM), in which a complex Y = 2 scalar triplet is added to the Standard Model. The HTM can explain the observed neutrino mass matrix by invoking Yukawa couplings hij of the triplet fields to leptons. A definitive signal of the HTM would be the observation of the decay H±± → l ±l ±, which enjoys almost negligible background at hadron colliders, and whose branching ratios are correlated with the neutrino mass
Figure 6. σll as a function of mH±± for (a) DG1, (b) DG2, (c) DG3 and (d) DG4. References [1] J. F. Gunion, H. E. Haber, G. L. Kane and S. Dawson, “The Higgs Hunter’s Guide,” (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Redwood City, CA, 1990). [2] M. Carena and H. E. Haber, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 50, 63 (2003). [3] A. Djouadi, arXiv:hep-ph/0503172; A. Djouadi, arXiv:hep-ph/0503173; V. Buscher and K. Jakobs, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 20, 2523 (2005). [4] S. Eidelman et al. [Particle Data Group], Phys. Lett. B 592, 1 (2004). [5] W. Hollik, Z. Phys. C 32, 291 (1986); W. Hollik, Z. Phys. C 37, 569 (1988). [6]

Figures reproduced from arXiv:hep-ph/0506176 by the authors.

References
How later papers used it

56 later papers cite it

Evidence: some. 54 of the citing papers share no author with it, and 4 of those carry a confident label from Pith's citation classifier.

Pith read 8 of the 62 citing sentences, choosing only those whose citation markers point at this paper alone, and wrote the paraphrases from them. The summary, the counts, the evidence level, the links and the quotes come from code; the summary counts the papers listed below. A later paper is listed under a label when Pith's citation classifier gives one of its sentences that label at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), Pith's reading finds that the citing paper itself did it, and a second check confirms the paraphrase against the sentence. This section lists uses only. It does not list criticism or disagreement, so their absence here says nothing about how the paper has been received. Papers that share an author with this one are listed apart, under "By the same authors". A quote is the citing authors' own sentence, shown when their paper's licence is CC BY, CC BY-SA or CC0. JSON

Uses its data or values 2 papers
How the literature uses it

50 arXiv papers cite this in 55 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 29 sentences without a confident label

Builds on it 1 paper
  • While in Ref. [ref] we studied the discovery potential of LHC experiments for the process $pp→Φ^++Φ^–$ [ref] assuming that the subsequent decays of $Φ^±±$ are determined by neutrino data, in this analyses we turn the argument around and study what can one learn about neutrino physics if LHC and/or ILC will discover the triplet Higgs bosons.

    Direct determination of neutrino mass parameters at future colliders · Introduction · 0.99

Uses its data or values 1 paper
Compares with it 1 paper
  • We find that $T$ has interesting different signatures at high energy colliders from previous studies of $l=2$ Higgs triplets [ref] , which are commonly employed in the type-II see-saw model [ref] .

    Neutrino masses and gauged $U(1)_\ell$ lepton number · Introduction · 0.90

Cites it as background 22 papers

Discussion

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