High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · arXiv:hep-ph/9710415 v3 · submitted 20 Oct 1997
Large Lepton Number of the Universe and The Fate of Topological Defects
The paper says
“We show that the monopole problem in Grand Unified Theories as well as the domain wall problem may be easily solved if the lepton number asymmetry in the Universe is large enough.”
from the abstract · picked out as the main claim by a classifier
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The paper
Abstract
We show that the monopole problem in Grand Unified Theories as well as the domain wall problem may be easily solved if the lepton number asymmetry in the Universe is large enough.
The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. No sentence in this record was written by a model.
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
How the main claim is stated: asserted 0.56
What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.12 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.07 · compares with prior results 0.08 · mentions code or data availability 0.02
The abstract, sentence by sentence
This table labels the abstract only (arXiv listing abstract v3). The number is the probability the classifier gave the label.
| Sentence | Role | The authors' own work | States the main conclusion | Strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| We show that the monopole problem in Grand Unified Theories as well as the domain wall problem may be easily solved if the lepton number asymmetry in the Universe is large enough. | result 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.91 | asserted 0.56 |
What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.66
What was examined, and what was not
Sources read
- arXiv listing abstract v3
Not examined
- full text
- figures and tables
- references and citing sentences
- relations to other papers
Levels run
- P abstract
Not run
- S sections
- T body sentences
- C citations
- R cross-paper relations
How the labels were made
Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 1,630 input tokens, $0.0001 reported.
Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. This record as JSON
Cited by 4 Pith papers
Reviewed papers on Pith that cite this one. The full citation record
- Loss of the scaling attractor in self-gravitating domain wall networks gr-qc · Jun 2026
- Strongly supercooled first-order phase transitions: monopole abundance, entropy production and homogeneity consistency hep-ph · Nov 2026
- Neutrinophilic $\mathbf{\Lambda}$CDM Extension for EMPRESS, DESI and Hubble Tension hep-ph · Jan 2025
- Primordial lepton asymmetries in the precision cosmology era: Current status and future sensitivities from BBN and the CMB hep-ph · Aug 2022
How the literature uses it
10 arXiv papers cite this in 17 sentences
Papers citing it · 6 sentences without a confident label
Compares with it 2 papers
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We find that the lepton asymmetries required to produce the observed baryon asymmetry are about an order of magnitude smaller than previous estimates based on a perturbative effective potential [ref] .
Sphaleron freeze-in baryogenesis with gravitational waves from the QCD transition · Introduction · 0.93
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Remarkably, our approach predicts a reduction by an order of magnitude in the required primordial lepton asymmetry necessary for successful baryogenesis compared to prior findings in the literature, such as Refs. [ref] .
Baryogenesis and first-order QCD transition with gravitational waves from a large lepton asymmetry · Sphaleron freeze-in baryogenesis and generation of a large lepton asymmetry · 0.98
Cites it as background 8 papers
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Despite the sphaleron process in the early universe [ref] , various models can generate a PNA $η_ν$ that is much larger than the baryon asymmetry of the universe $η_B ≡n_B/n_γ ∼𝒪(10^-10)$ [ref] .
Neutrinophilic $\mathbf{\Lambda}$CDM Extension for EMPRESS, DESI and Hubble Tension · Introduction · 0.84
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The various existing studies in the literature [ref] employ the perturbative effective potential at finite temperature and chemical potential.
Sphaleron freeze-in baryogenesis with gravitational waves from the QCD transition · Introduction · 0.82
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Large lepton asymmetry as an explanation of the absence of topological defects has been discussed in [ref] , while in [ref] a large lepton asymmetry has been used to explain the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe.
Baryogenesis and first-order QCD transition with gravitational waves from a large lepton asymmetry · The perturbative approach and motivation to go beyond · 0.93
Challenges and discussion
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