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Multiple-Trace Operators and Non-Local String Theories

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arxiv hep-th/0105309 v2 pith:2UV3N372 submitted 2001-05-30 hep-th

Ofer Aharony , Micha Berkooz , Eva Silverstein This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-th
keywords deformationstringfieldmultiple-tracenon-localoperatorstheoriestheory
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We propose that a novel deformation of string perturbation theory, involving non-local interactions between strings, is required to describe the gravity duals of field theories deformed by multiple-trace operators. The new perturbative expansion involves a new parameter, which is neither the string coupling nor the coefficient of a vertex operator on the worldsheet. We explore some of the properties of this deformation, focusing on a special case where the deformation in the field theory is exactly marginal.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

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    The work distribution of a two-point measurement in a holographic CFT is expressed as a Schwinger-Keldysh bulk path integral, giving a bulk Tasaki-Crooks fluctuation theorem that is verified for a scalar probe on BTZ.

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    Massless and massive higher-form gauge fields in anti-de Sitter space yield a full low-energy map of diffusive, relaxing, and emergent-photon modes governed by double-trace deformations.

  3. Heat and work in black hole thermodynamics via holography

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The paper derives first and second laws for composite black holes coupled through the boundary, with heat and work defined from boundary sources and bath energy flow.

  4. How negative can null energy be in large N CFTs?

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In large N conformal field theories, states built from light scalar operators or stress tensors can have negative smeared null energy, but the negative amount is bounded by a scale set by the central charge.

  5. Wilson Towers as Local Bulk Fields

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A multi-winding Wilson loop in thermal AdS3 is re-expressed as a sum over single-winding Wilson loops, one per multi-trace primary, so a free bulk field becomes a tower of Wilson lines.

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