GWTC-5.0 adds 161 new compact binary coalescence candidates from O4b with p_astro >= 0.5, detailed properties for 104, all binary black holes, for a cumulative total of 390.
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representative citing papers
A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
Detection of GW190814 from the coalescence of a 23 solar-mass black hole and a 2.6 solar-mass compact object, the most unequal-mass binary yet observed with gravitational waves.
The GWTC-4 BNS merger rate is 28–300 Gpc^-3 yr^-1, a factor of 3.6–18 lower than the cosmological short GRB rate and 2.3–5.1 lower than Galactic DNS estimates, implying an emerging tension among neutron-star merger probes.
Simulations show hierarchical subsolar-mass mergers in collapsar disks can retain eccentricity up to e~0.1 at merger as a potential observational signature.
Statistical combination of sub-threshold post-merger signals from 50-70 BNS events can constrain the maximum mass of hot neutron stars to 11-20% fractional uncertainty, potentially translating to 12-21% on the cold TOV mass.
GWTC-5 chirp-mass peaks form a ~1.9-spaced ladder with a new ~19 M⊙ rung matching predicted 2G+3G mergers, unifying prior 1G+2G spin-transition groups under one hierarchical scenario.
Mass-gap compact objects could be hybrid stars only with very early deconfinement and stiff quark matter; confirming 1.4 M⊙ twin stars would cap hybrid-star maximum mass below 2.2 M⊙.
Joint NICER+IXPE pulse-profile modeling of SRGA J144459.2-604207 favors large neutron-star mass and radius with two independent hotspots but shows strong sensitivity to joint-analysis methodology.
Multi-messenger observations of neutron stars imply L=42.6–52 MeV (piecewise polytrope) or 44.2–56.7 MeV (speed-of-sound) at 68% credibility, and show pQCD constraints barely change the posterior EOS.
Free neutrons survive r-process freeze-out in fast ejecta of neutron star mergers and their beta-decay heating produces a visible early kilonova precursor for mass fractions above ~0.05.
Population synthesis of helium star-NS systems yields DNS delay time distributions that peak between 80-250 Myr across metallicities, with 15% merging within 80 Myr and over 20% after 1 Gyr.
Las Cumbres achieves minute-scale GW response and GW170817-depth imaging to 250 Mpc, but galaxy-targeted follow-up is inefficient for the large O3/O4 localizations, requiring coordinated wide-field plus rapid-response strategies.
A faint radio counterpart to SN 2025ulz was detected at 6-10 GHz, consistent with either supernova ejecta interacting with circumstellar material or an off-axis jet, supporting possible superkilonova scenarios.
Different parametrizations of density dependence in covariant density functionals produce significant variations in the high-density equation of state and symmetry energy, with rational-function forms providing flexibility when saturation properties are adjusted and constrained by multimessenger ast
Cosmic Explorer is described as a next-generation gravitational-wave observatory aiming for tenfold sensitivity improvement over Advanced LIGO to observe signals from the edge of the observable universe at z~100.
Hierarchical Bayesian analysis of ~50 binary pulsars finds moderate evidence for mass-spin anti-correlation (ρ = -0.26) in the recycled population, plus a small mass offset by white-dwarf companion type and confirmation of companion-mass–eccentricity correlation in DNS systems.
A targeted gravitational-wave search modifies the GstLAL likelihood ratio with a sky localization prior from EM triggers, showing improved detection efficiency in injection studies while controlling false alarms.
Simulations show the low-T/|W| instability develops robustly across five nuclear EOS in a rapidly rotating 35 M⊙ progenitor, with dominant GW frequency correlating to PNS compactness and stiffness.
Latest GW neutron star merger rates are consistent with short GRBs being produced by BNS mergers if jets are wide or rates low, with NSBH mergers subdominant.
The paper proposes a high-redshift (z>2) origin for GRB 061201 by combining afterglow constraints with deep JWST near-infrared imaging of a faint candidate host.
Describes the methods for producing the fifth gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-5.0) from O4b data of LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA.
Identifies eight Fermi-GBM sGRBs similar to 170817A via hardness-ratio K-means clustering and estimates ~5 GW+sGRB events by end of O4.
BILBY is validated on simulated compact binary signals and reproduces the eleven GWTC-1 results with configuration and output files provided for reproduction.
citing papers explorer
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GWTC-5.0: Observations from the Second Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run and Updates to the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
GWTC-5.0 adds 161 new compact binary coalescence candidates from O4b with p_astro >= 0.5, detailed properties for 104, all binary black holes, for a cumulative total of 390.
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Inferring the role of binary neutron star mergers in r-process nucleosynthesis with multi-messenger observations using Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope
A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
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GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 M$_\odot$ Black Hole with a 2.6 M$_\odot$ Compact Object
Detection of GW190814 from the coalescence of a 23 solar-mass black hole and a 2.6 solar-mass compact object, the most unequal-mass binary yet observed with gravitational waves.
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Implications of low neutron star merger rates for gamma-ray bursts, r-process production and Galactic double neutron stars
The GWTC-4 BNS merger rate is 28–300 Gpc^-3 yr^-1, a factor of 3.6–18 lower than the cosmological short GRB rate and 2.3–5.1 lower than Galactic DNS estimates, implying an emerging tension among neutron-star merger probes.
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Eccentricity as a signature of hierarchical subsolar-mass mergers in collapsar disks
Simulations show hierarchical subsolar-mass mergers in collapsar disks can retain eccentricity up to e~0.1 at merger as a potential observational signature.
-
Sub-threshold post-merger gravitational waves can constrain the hot nuclear equation of state
Statistical combination of sub-threshold post-merger signals from 50-70 BNS events can constrain the maximum mass of hot neutron stars to 11-20% fractional uncertainty, potentially translating to 12-21% on the cold TOV mass.
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The Chirp-Mass Ladder: A New Rung Emerges
GWTC-5 chirp-mass peaks form a ~1.9-spaced ladder with a new ~19 M⊙ rung matching predicted 2G+3G mergers, unifying prior 1G+2G spin-transition groups under one hierarchical scenario.
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Hybrid stars among mass gap objects are excluded by twin stars at $1.4\,M_\odot$
Mass-gap compact objects could be hybrid stars only with very early deconfinement and stiff quark matter; confirming 1.4 M⊙ twin stars would cap hybrid-star maximum mass below 2.2 M⊙.
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Pulse profile modelling of the 2024 outburst of the accreting millisecond pulsar SRGA J144459.2-604207
Joint NICER+IXPE pulse-profile modeling of SRGA J144459.2-604207 favors large neutron-star mass and radius with two independent hotspots but shows strong sensitivity to joint-analysis methodology.
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Astrophysics equation of state inference with Bayesian chiral effective field theory uncertainties
Multi-messenger observations of neutron stars imply L=42.6–52 MeV (piecewise polytrope) or 44.2–56.7 MeV (speed-of-sound) at 68% credibility, and show pQCD constraints barely change the posterior EOS.
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Nucleosynthesis in the fast ejecta of a neutron star merger
Free neutrons survive r-process freeze-out in fast ejecta of neutron star mergers and their beta-decay heating produces a visible early kilonova precursor for mass fractions above ~0.05.
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Double Neutron Star Delay Times Across Cosmic Metallicities: The Role of Helium Star Progenitors
Population synthesis of helium star-NS systems yields DNS delay time distributions that peak between 80-250 Myr across metallicities, with 15% merging within 80 Myr and over 20% after 1 Gyr.
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Las Cumbres Observatory Gravitational-Wave Follow-up in the Third and Fourth Observing Runs: Strengths and Weaknesses of a Rapid Response Galaxy Targeted Strategy
Las Cumbres achieves minute-scale GW response and GW170817-depth imaging to 250 Mpc, but galaxy-targeted follow-up is inefficient for the large O3/O4 localizations, requiring coordinated wide-field plus rapid-response strategies.
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Identification of a Radio Counterpart to SN 2025ulz in the S250818k Localization Area
A faint radio counterpart to SN 2025ulz was detected at 6-10 GHz, consistent with either supernova ejecta interacting with circumstellar material or an off-axis jet, supporting possible superkilonova scenarios.
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Bayesian inferences on covariant density functionals from multimessenger astrophysical data: Influences of parametrizations of density dependent couplings
Different parametrizations of density dependence in covariant density functionals produce significant variations in the high-density equation of state and symmetry energy, with rational-function forms providing flexibility when saturation properties are adjusted and constrained by multimessenger ast
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A Horizon Study for Cosmic Explorer: Science, Observatories, and Community
Cosmic Explorer is described as a next-generation gravitational-wave observatory aiming for tenfold sensitivity improvement over Advanced LIGO to observe signals from the edge of the observable universe at z~100.
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Neutron Star Mass across Binary Pulsar Subpopulations: Mass-Spin Correlation, Mass Distributions, and Moment of Inertia Effects
Hierarchical Bayesian analysis of ~50 binary pulsars finds moderate evidence for mass-spin anti-correlation (ρ = -0.26) in the recycled population, plus a small mass offset by white-dwarf companion type and confirmation of companion-mass–eccentricity correlation in DNS systems.
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Fast targeted gravitational-wave followup search for compact binary mergers using GSTLAL pipeline
A targeted gravitational-wave search modifies the GstLAL likelihood ratio with a sky localization prior from EM triggers, showing improved detection efficiency in injection studies while controlling false alarms.
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Impact of the equation of state on core collapse supernovae I: the low-$T/|W|$ instability
Simulations show the low-T/|W| instability develops robustly across five nuclear EOS in a rapidly rotating 35 M⊙ progenitor, with dominant GW frequency correlating to PNS compactness and stiffness.
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Wide Jets or Low Rates: Reconciling Short GRB and Gravitational-Wave Neutron Star Merger Rates
Latest GW neutron star merger rates are consistent with short GRBs being produced by BNS mergers if jets are wide or rates low, with NSBH mergers subdominant.
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A possible high-redshift origin for the short GRB 061201: implications of a compact binary merger beyond cosmic noon
The paper proposes a high-redshift (z>2) origin for GRB 061201 by combining afterglow constraints with deep JWST near-infrared imaging of a faint candidate host.
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GWTC-5.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients
Describes the methods for producing the fifth gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-5.0) from O4b data of LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA.
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Similar Fermi-GBM sGRBs to GW/sGRB 170817A in MeV-GeV energies
Identifies eight Fermi-GBM sGRBs similar to 170817A via hardness-ratio K-means clustering and estimates ~5 GW+sGRB events by end of O4.
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Bayesian inference for compact binary coalescences with BILBY: Validation and application to the first LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalogue
BILBY is validated on simulated compact binary signals and reproduces the eleven GWTC-1 results with configuration and output files provided for reproduction.
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GWTC-5.0: An Introduction to Version 5.0 of the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
GWTC-5.0 is a data release documenting over 300 gravitational-wave events from compact binary mergers observed through early 2025.
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Open Data from LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA through the Second Part of the Fourth Observing Run
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA releases calibrated strain time series, noise-subtraction channels, and GWOSC v5.0 analysis products covering April 2024 to January 2025.
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Chiral, parity-doublet, effective-Lagrangian mean-field theories for nuclear and astrophysical phenomenology
A review of parity-doublet models in effective field theory that accommodate a chirally invariant mass m0 to describe baryons across vacuum, nuclear, and astrophysical densities.
- Implementing a Robust Test of Galaxy Catalogue Completeness for Dark Siren Measurements of the Hubble Constant