MI-CXR is a new benchmark that shows state-of-the-art vision-language models achieve only 29.3% accuracy on longitudinal reasoning tasks across multi-visit chest X-ray sequences.
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ROUGE : A Package for Automatic Evaluation of Summaries
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Creates LoCoMo benchmark dataset for very long-term LLM conversational memory and shows current models struggle with lengthy dialogues and long-range temporal dynamics.
New metrics KSS and KPS are introduced to evaluate multilingual machine unlearning quality and cross-language consistency in LLMs, addressing limitations of single-language evaluation protocols.
Code LLMs generate substantially worse comments outside English, and no tested automatic metric or LLM judge reliably matches human assessment of those outputs.
English print media coverage of human-elephant conflicts in India is dominated by fear-inducing and aggression-related language.
Iterative self-rewarding via LLM-as-Judge in DPO training on Llama 2 70B improves instruction following and self-evaluation, outperforming GPT-4 on AlpacaEval 2.0.
Prefix-tuning matches or exceeds fine-tuning on NLG tasks by optimizing a continuous prefix using 0.1% of parameters while keeping the LM frozen.
CodeBLEU improves correlation with human programmer scores on code synthesis tasks by adding syntactic AST matching and semantic data-flow matching to the standard BLEU n-gram approach.
Decision theory shows that LLM cascades are structurally limited by always incurring the cheap model's cost before deciding to escalate, with the best performance given by the envelope of pairwise cascades rather than fixed chains or many stages.
PUPPET jointly optimizes LLM outputs for high detectability and task performance via RL rewards from a detector and a task evaluator, outperforming watermarking on tasks while matching detectability.
SCURank ranks multiple summary candidates with Summary Content Units to outperform ROUGE and LLM-based methods in summarization distillation.
ETW uses predictive entropy as a proxy for token informativeness to improve selective unlearning in LLMs, achieving better forgetting with less utility loss than prior token-level methods.
ClusterRAG applies density-based clustering to user profiles for collaborative retrieval in personalized RAG and reports best performance on LaMP tasks by combining target and similar-user profiles.
VisionReward learns multi-dimensional human preferences for image and video generation via hierarchical assessment and linear weighting, outperforming VideoScore by 17.2% in prediction accuracy and yielding 31.6% higher win rates in text-to-video models.
LLMs show strong position bias when scoring model outputs, allowing easy manipulation of rankings, but calibration with multiple evidence, position balancing, and selective human input reduces this bias to better match human judgments.
UltraChat supplies 1.5 million high-quality multi-turn dialogues that, when used to fine-tune LLaMA, produce UltraLLaMA, which outperforms prior open-source chat models including Vicuna.
BLOOM is a 176B-parameter open-access multilingual language model trained on the ROOTS corpus that achieves competitive performance on benchmarks, with improved results after multitask prompted finetuning.
RGoT uses RL to adaptively generate task-specific graphs of operations for GoT-style LLM prompting from a human-provided set, with results suggesting feasibility under constraints.
COPRA introduces conditional parameter adaptation via RL to dynamically tune frozen VLMs for video anomaly detection, outperforming static methods in in-domain and cross-domain settings while generalizing to other video tasks.
IAP uses RL to train LLMs to explicitly infer and apply implicit user intent in single-turn personalized QA, achieving ~7.5% average macro-score gains over baselines on LaMP-QA.
UserGPT introduces a generative LLM framework with a behavior simulation engine, semantization module, and DF-GRPO post-training that scores 0.7325 on tag prediction and 0.7528 on summary generation on HPR-Bench while compressing records by up to 97.9%.
PRISM interleaves VLM perception and LLM reasoning via a dynamic goal-oriented question-answer pipeline to produce sharper scene descriptions, outperforming prior image-based models on ALFWorld and Room-to-Room.
An evidence-based model generates queries from query-free datasets, yielding summaries with competitive ROUGE scores to those using original queries.
A reasoning-distillation plus dual-reward GRPO method for multi-role dialogue summarization matches ROUGE and BERTScore baselines while improving factual faithfulness and preference alignment on CSDS and SAMSum.
citing papers explorer
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MI-CXR: A Benchmark for Longitudinal Reasoning over Multi-Interval Chest X-rays
MI-CXR is a new benchmark that shows state-of-the-art vision-language models achieve only 29.3% accuracy on longitudinal reasoning tasks across multi-visit chest X-ray sequences.
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Evaluating Very Long-Term Conversational Memory of LLM Agents
Creates LoCoMo benchmark dataset for very long-term LLM conversational memory and shows current models struggle with lengthy dialogues and long-range temporal dynamics.
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Knowledge Beyond Language: Bridging the Gap in Multilingual Machine Unlearning Evaluation
New metrics KSS and KPS are introduced to evaluate multilingual machine unlearning quality and cross-language consistency in LLMs, addressing limitations of single-language evaluation protocols.
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Evaluating Non-English Developer Support in Machine Learning for Software Engineering
Code LLMs generate substantially worse comments outside English, and no tested automatic metric or LLM judge reliably matches human assessment of those outputs.
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How English Print Media Frames Human-Elephant Conflicts in India
English print media coverage of human-elephant conflicts in India is dominated by fear-inducing and aggression-related language.
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Self-Rewarding Language Models
Iterative self-rewarding via LLM-as-Judge in DPO training on Llama 2 70B improves instruction following and self-evaluation, outperforming GPT-4 on AlpacaEval 2.0.
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Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation
Prefix-tuning matches or exceeds fine-tuning on NLG tasks by optimizing a continuous prefix using 0.1% of parameters while keeping the LM frozen.
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CodeBLEU: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Code Synthesis
CodeBLEU improves correlation with human programmer scores on code synthesis tasks by adding syntactic AST matching and semantic data-flow matching to the standard BLEU n-gram approach.
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Is Escalation Worth It? A Decision-Theoretic Characterization of LLM Cascades
Decision theory shows that LLM cascades are structurally limited by always incurring the cheap model's cost before deciding to escalate, with the best performance given by the envelope of pairwise cascades rather than fixed chains or many stages.
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LLM Output Detectability and Task Performance Can be Jointly Optimized
PUPPET jointly optimizes LLM outputs for high detectability and task performance via RL rewards from a detector and a task evaluator, outperforming watermarking on tasks while matching detectability.
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SCURank: Ranking Multiple Candidate Summaries with Summary Content Units for Enhanced Summarization
SCURank ranks multiple summary candidates with Summary Content Units to outperform ROUGE and LLM-based methods in summarization distillation.
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Forget What Matters, Keep the Rest: Selective Unlearning of Informative Tokens
ETW uses predictive entropy as a proxy for token informativeness to improve selective unlearning in LLMs, achieving better forgetting with less utility loss than prior token-level methods.
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ClusterRAG: Cluster-Based Collaborative Filtering for Personalized Retrieval-Augmented Generation
ClusterRAG applies density-based clustering to user profiles for collaborative retrieval in personalized RAG and reports best performance on LaMP tasks by combining target and similar-user profiles.
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VisionReward: Fine-Grained Multi-Dimensional Human Preference Learning for Image and Video Generation
VisionReward learns multi-dimensional human preferences for image and video generation via hierarchical assessment and linear weighting, outperforming VideoScore by 17.2% in prediction accuracy and yielding 31.6% higher win rates in text-to-video models.
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Large Language Models are not Fair Evaluators
LLMs show strong position bias when scoring model outputs, allowing easy manipulation of rankings, but calibration with multiple evidence, position balancing, and selective human input reduces this bias to better match human judgments.
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Enhancing Chat Language Models by Scaling High-quality Instructional Conversations
UltraChat supplies 1.5 million high-quality multi-turn dialogues that, when used to fine-tune LLaMA, produce UltraLLaMA, which outperforms prior open-source chat models including Vicuna.
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BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model
BLOOM is a 176B-parameter open-access multilingual language model trained on the ROOTS corpus that achieves competitive performance on benchmarks, with improved results after multitask prompted finetuning.
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Reinforced Graph of Thoughts: RL-Driven Adaptive Prompting for LLMs
RGoT uses RL to adaptively generate task-specific graphs of operations for GoT-style LLM prompting from a human-provided set, with results suggesting feasibility under constraints.
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COPRA: Conditional Parameter Adaptation with Reinforcement Learning for Video Anomaly Detection
COPRA introduces conditional parameter adaptation via RL to dynamically tune frozen VLMs for video anomaly detection, outperforming static methods in in-domain and cross-domain settings while generalizing to other video tasks.
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Training LLMs with Reinforcement Learning for Intent-Aware Personalized Question Answering
IAP uses RL to train LLMs to explicitly infer and apply implicit user intent in single-turn personalized QA, achieving ~7.5% average macro-score gains over baselines on LaMP-QA.
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UserGPT Technical Report
UserGPT introduces a generative LLM framework with a behavior simulation engine, semantization module, and DF-GRPO post-training that scores 0.7325 on tag prediction and 0.7528 on summary generation on HPR-Bench while compressing records by up to 97.9%.
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PRISM: Perception Reasoning Interleaved for Sequential Decision Making
PRISM interleaves VLM perception and LLM reasoning via a dynamic goal-oriented question-answer pipeline to produce sharper scene descriptions, outperforming prior image-based models on ALFWorld and Room-to-Room.
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Generating Query-Focused Summarization Datasets from Query-Free Summarization Datasets
An evidence-based model generates queries from query-free datasets, yielding summaries with competitive ROUGE scores to those using original queries.
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Beyond Overlap Metrics: Rewarding Reasoning and Preferences for Faithful Multi-Role Dialogue Summarization
A reasoning-distillation plus dual-reward GRPO method for multi-role dialogue summarization matches ROUGE and BERTScore baselines while improving factual faithfulness and preference alignment on CSDS and SAMSum.
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Assessment of RAG and Fine-Tuning for Industrial Question-Answering-Applications
RAG is more effective and cost-efficient than fine-tuning for industrial QA adaptation on automotive datasets.
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Benchmarked Yet Not Measured -- Generative AI Should be Evaluated Against Real-World Utility
Generative AI evaluation must shift from static benchmark scores to measuring sustained improvements in human capabilities within specific deployment contexts.
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AI Assurance: A Comprehensive Testing Strategy for Enterprise AI Systems
Proposes an AI Failure Taxonomy, a five-layer AI Assurance Pyramid, and operational guidance for RAG testing and model lifecycle management in enterprise settings.
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A Survey on Knowledge Distillation of Large Language Models
A comprehensive survey of knowledge distillation for LLMs structured around algorithms, skill enhancement, and vertical applications, highlighting data augmentation as a key enabler.
- Divide-Prompt-Refine: a Training-Free, Structure-Aware Framework for Biomedical Abstract Generation