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First Results from KamLAND: Evidence for Reactor Anti-Neutrino Disappearance

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KamLAND has been used to measure the flux of $\bar{\nu}_e$'s from distant nuclear reactors. In an exposure of 162 ton$\cdot$yr (145.1 days) the ratio of the number of observed inverse $\beta$-decay events to the expected number of events without disappearance is $0.611\pm 0.085 {\rm (stat)} \pm 0.041 {\rm (syst)} $ for $\bar{\nu}_e$ energies $>$ 3.4 MeV. The deficit of events is inconsistent with the expected rate for standard $\bar{\nu}_e$ propagation at the 99.95% confidence level. In the context of two-flavor neutrino oscillations with CPT invariance, these results exclude all oscillation solutions but the `Large Mixing Angle' solution to the solar neutrino problem using reactor $\bar{\nu}_e$ sources.

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Does thermal leptogenesis in a canonical seesaw rely on initial memory?

hep-ph · 2025-03-13 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0

Flavor projection effects in density-matrix equations permit misaligned asymmetry components from N2 and N3 to survive N1 washout in hierarchical seesaw leptogenesis, dividing parameter space into four regimes under low-energy neutrino constraints.

Neutrinoless double-beta decay of the $\Delta^-$ resonance

hep-ph · 2026-04-14 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

Chiral EFT derivation of the Δ⁻ → p e⁻ e⁻ amplitude including long-range neutrino loops, short-range counterterms, pion-mass dependence for collinear electrons, and a long-range prediction in the degenerate Δ-nucleon mass limit.

Neutrino oscillation data and a pseudo-Dirac heavy neutral lepton

hep-ph · 2026-06-26 · unverdicted · novelty 4.0

In the minimal pseudo-Dirac HNL scenario, light-neutrino oscillation data fixes an ellipse in the active flavour simplex for leading active-heavy interactions via a single complex amplitude and Majorana phase.

QED radiative corrections in inverse beta decay from virtual pions

hep-ph · 2026-04-08 · unverdicted · novelty 4.0

Pion-induced QED radiative corrections in inverse beta decay are small, at or below nucleon form factor uncertainties, enabling sub-permille theoretical precision for charged-current neutrino-nucleon scattering above 10 MeV.

Locating nuclear-powered submarines with antineutrinos

hep-ex · 2026-05-15 · unverdicted · novelty 3.0

Antineutrino-based detection can function as a barrier for locating nuclear submarines, with a 20 kt detector achieving Z_A ≈ 2.54 in the Strait of Gibraltar for a 100 MW case and higher scores with multiple detectors.

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