Higher-Mach-number self-similar shock solutions in failed supernovae are unstable and strengthen asymptotically above a critical neutrino mass-loss threshold, explaining greater ejection in red supergiants versus compact progenitors.
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Hybrid hydro/direct N-body simulations of dense high-redshift gas clouds form very massive stars via runaway collisions that collapse to IMBHs capable of growing from ~6700 to ~62000 solar masses in 100 Myr under optimistic assumptions.
Efficient mass transfer in binaries naturally limits the mass of the first-born black hole and produces a sharp drop above 45 solar masses that mimics the pair-instability gap.
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citing papers explorer
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On the Origin of Mass Ejection in Failed Supernovae
Higher-Mach-number self-similar shock solutions in failed supernovae are unstable and strengthen asymptotically above a critical neutrino mass-loss threshold, explaining greater ejection in red supergiants versus compact progenitors.
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Binary Evolution Can Mimic the Pair-Instability Mass Gap in Black Hole Mergers
Efficient mass transfer in binaries naturally limits the mass of the first-born black hole and produces a sharp drop above 45 solar masses that mimics the pair-instability gap.