Derives the all-order fluctuating hydrodynamics effective action and transport coefficients for the SYK lattice from its microscopic pseudo-Goldstone boson action.
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Lectures on non-equilibrium effective field theories and fluctuating hydrodynamics
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abstract
We review recent progress in developing effective field theories (EFTs) for non-equilibrium processes at finite temperature, including a new formulation of fluctuating hydrodynamics, and a new proof of the second law of thermodynamics. There are a number of new elements in formulating EFTs for such systems. Firstly, the nature of IR variables is very different from those of a system in equilibrium or near the vacuum. Secondly, while all static properties of an equilibrium system can in principle be extracted from the partition function, there appears no such quantity which can capture all non-equilibrium properties. Thirdly, non-equilibrium processes often involve dissipation, which is notoriously difficult to deal with using an action principle. The purpose of the review is to explain how to address these issues in a pedagogic manner, with fluctuating hydrodynamics as a main example.
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representative citing papers
A causal microscopic kinetic model can reproduce arbitrary rest-frame stable dissipative dispersion relations at real k through suitable initialization, providing a counterexample to claims that micro-causality alone restricts the analytic form of such relations.
Finite element framework for fluctuating compressible Navier-Stokes equations that preserves fluctuation-dissipation balance discretely via weak formulation and nodal quadrature, validated in 1D-3D.
The fermionic path integral in the infrared yields hydrodynamic actions for anomalous perfect fluids, including four- and five-dimensional transgression forms from anomaly inflow.
A new algorithm counts degrees of freedom in open EFTs from equations of motion using dual advanced equations for non-Lagrangian systems with constraints and gauges.
Develops a local open EFT for non-Abelian gauge theories using dynamical color-frame variables and color-current sectors in Schwinger-Keldysh formalism, yielding nonlocal dissipative kernels and naturally incorporating hard thermal loop responses after integration.
Constructs open EFT for stochastic inflation with stochastic RG channel, nonlocal Wilson kernels, and derived master equations matched to full theory via method-of-regions.
Constructs a manifestly diagonal-BRST-invariant Schwinger-Keldysh path integral for open non-Abelian gauge theories with arbitrary physical initial states, yielding Ward-Takahashi-Slavnov-Taylor identities and a Keldysh BRST symmetry for the Open EFT.
Proves equivalence of redundant Goldstone and adjoint-matter formulations of SK EFTs for non-Abelian symmetries and extends both to all orders in ħω/T while classifying invariant kernels under DKMS and unitarity.
The authors introduce fractonic solids via a new symmetry that ties fracton mobility to a material, enabling gauge-invariant momentum, boost compatibility, and gravitational coupling.
A generalized Fokker-Planck equation for stochastic inflation is derived from a Polchinski-type renormalization group flow on the density matrix, incorporating dissipative and diffusive corrections beyond the leading order.
A new prescription computes the dissipative action for holographic hydrodynamics in AdS4 to first order in derivatives and reproduces known Green's functions via horizon diffeomorphisms.
Finite current relaxation introduces memory effects that suppress, shift, and reshape non-monotonic cumulant behavior relative to instantaneous equilibrium and Fickian diffusion, most visibly in higher-order cumulants.
Constructs a hydrodynamic Cooperon via Schwinger-Keldysh formalism in disordered 2D electron fluids, forcing leading quantum corrections into the stress sector that renormalize shear viscosity and alter Gurzhi and low-field magnetohydrodynamic responses.
Quantum interference corrections in electron hydrodynamics are protected in m=0,±1 sectors by Ward identities and first appear in the m=±2 stress sector, renormalizing viscosity and producing an opposite-sign signature in channel flow.
Numerical simulations show dynamical black hole formation in non-Markovian open JT gravity, corresponding to irreversible thermalization on the boundary.
Derives gauge-invariant influence functionals for photons and Stueckelberg fields in open U(1) gauge EFTs via BRST on the in-in contour after integrating out matter.
An effective field theory for superconducting phase transitions is constructed via Schwinger-Keldysh formalism, reproducing Ginzburg-Landau equations upon truncation while showing overdamped Higgs modes and complex relaxation in holographic validation.
Derives quadratic effective actions for heavy quarks in confinement (quark-antiquark pair) and deconfinement (single moving quark) using the SvR holographic SK framework.
Lectures summarizing the construction of hydrodynamic EFTs through strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, with examples from spin chains to relativistic QFTs and UV/IR constraints on transport coefficients.
A pedagogical review of Love numbers and tidal responses for black holes and compact objects in general relativity and extensions.
citing papers explorer
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How acausal equations emerge from causal dynamics
A causal microscopic kinetic model can reproduce arbitrary rest-frame stable dissipative dispersion relations at real k through suitable initialization, providing a counterexample to claims that micro-causality alone restricts the analytic form of such relations.
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A Finite Element Method for Fluctuating Navier--Stokes Equations
Finite element framework for fluctuating compressible Navier-Stokes equations that preserves fluctuation-dissipation balance discretely via weak formulation and nodal quadrature, validated in 1D-3D.
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Hydrodynamics of perfect fluids with anomalies from the fermionic path integral
The fermionic path integral in the infrared yields hydrodynamic actions for anomalous perfect fluids, including four- and five-dimensional transgression forms from anomaly inflow.
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Counting Degrees of Freedom in Open Effective Theories
A new algorithm counts degrees of freedom in open EFTs from equations of motion using dual advanced equations for non-Lagrangian systems with constraints and gauges.
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Bottom-up open EFT for non-Abelian gauge theory with dynamical color environment
Develops a local open EFT for non-Abelian gauge theories using dynamical color-frame variables and color-current sectors in Schwinger-Keldysh formalism, yielding nonlocal dissipative kernels and naturally incorporating hard thermal loop responses after integration.
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Stochastic inflation as an open quantum system II: open effective field theory and stochastic matching
Constructs open EFT for stochastic inflation with stochastic RG channel, nonlocal Wilson kernels, and derived master equations matched to full theory via method-of-regions.
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Schwinger-Keldysh Path Integral for Gauge theories
Constructs a manifestly diagonal-BRST-invariant Schwinger-Keldysh path integral for open non-Abelian gauge theories with arbitrary physical initial states, yielding Ward-Takahashi-Slavnov-Taylor identities and a Keldysh BRST symmetry for the Open EFT.
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Schwinger-Keldysh effective theory of charge transport: redundancies and systematic $\omega/T$ expansion
Proves equivalence of redundant Goldstone and adjoint-matter formulations of SK EFTs for non-Abelian symmetries and extends both to all orders in ħω/T while classifying invariant kernels under DKMS and unitarity.
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Fractonic solids
The authors introduce fractonic solids via a new symmetry that ties fracton mobility to a material, enabling gauge-invariant momentum, boost compatibility, and gravitational coupling.
-
Stochastic inflation from a non-equilibrium renormalization group
A generalized Fokker-Planck equation for stochastic inflation is derived from a Polchinski-type renormalization group flow on the density matrix, incorporating dissipative and diffusive corrections beyond the leading order.
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Dissipative hydrodynamic actions and horizon symmetries in gravity
A new prescription computes the dissipative action for holographic hydrodynamics in AdS4 to first order in derivatives and reproduces known Green's functions via horizon diffeomorphisms.
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Cumulant dynamics in finite-memory diffusion
Finite current relaxation introduces memory effects that suppress, shift, and reshape non-monotonic cumulant behavior relative to instantaneous equilibrium and Fickian diffusion, most visibly in higher-order cumulants.
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Hydrodynamic Cooperons in Electron Fluids: Schwinger--Keldysh Derivation and Quantum Corrections to Magnetoresistance
Constructs a hydrodynamic Cooperon via Schwinger-Keldysh formalism in disordered 2D electron fluids, forcing leading quantum corrections into the stress sector that renormalize shear viscosity and alter Gurzhi and low-field magnetohydrodynamic responses.
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Quantum Interference Corrections in Electron Hydrodynamics
Quantum interference corrections in electron hydrodynamics are protected in m=0,±1 sectors by Ward identities and first appear in the m=±2 stress sector, renormalizing viscosity and producing an opposite-sign signature in channel flow.
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Black-hole formation and thermalization in open JT gravity
Numerical simulations show dynamical black hole formation in non-Markovian open JT gravity, corresponding to irreversible thermalization on the boundary.
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Gauging Open EFTs from the top down
Derives gauge-invariant influence functionals for photons and Stueckelberg fields in open U(1) gauge EFTs via BRST on the in-in contour after integrating out matter.
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Effective Field Theory for Superconducting Phase Transitions
An effective field theory for superconducting phase transitions is constructed via Schwinger-Keldysh formalism, reproducing Ginzburg-Landau equations upon truncation while showing overdamped Higgs modes and complex relaxation in holographic validation.
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Holographic Schwinger-Keldysh effective action for heavy quarks in confinement and deconfinement phases
Derives quadratic effective actions for heavy quarks in confinement (quark-antiquark pair) and deconfinement (single moving quark) using the SvR holographic SK framework.
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Boulder Lectures on Thermal Dynamics and Hydrodynamic EFTs
Lectures summarizing the construction of hydrodynamic EFTs through strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, with examples from spin chains to relativistic QFTs and UV/IR constraints on transport coefficients.
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Love numbers of black holes and compact objects
A pedagogical review of Love numbers and tidal responses for black holes and compact objects in general relativity and extensions.