Freeze-in at low reheating temperatures allows MeV-scale dark matter in vector portal models to be probed by future direct detection experiments in nuclear recoils for 50-500 MeV masses and via enhanced solar neutrino coherent scattering.
Let there be Light Dark Matter: The gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$ case
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abstract
As experimental null results increase the pressure on heavy weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) as an explanation of thermal dark matter (DM), it seems timely to explore previously overlooked regions of the WIMP parameter space. In this work we extend the minimal gauged $U(1)_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$ model studied in \cite{Bauer:2018onh} by a light (MeV-scale) vector-like fermion $\chi$. Taking into account constraints from cosmology, direct and indirect detection we find that the standard benchmark of $M_V=3 m_\chi$ for DM coupled to a vector mediator is firmly ruled out for unit DM charges. However, exploring the near-resonance region $M_V\gtrsim 2 m_\chi$ we find that this model can simultaneously explain the DM relic abundance $\Omega h^2 =0.12$ and the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly. Allowing for small charge hierarchies of $\lesssim\mathcal{O}(10)$, we identify a second window of parameter space in the few-GeV region, where $\chi$ can account for the full DM relic density.
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UNVERDICTED 6representative citing papers
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model generates nearly degenerate Majorana dark matter whose self-interactions via a light scalar mediator set the relic density, resolve core-cusp anomalies, and fit LZ direct detection plus muon g-2 bounds.
Muon beam dump experiments can probe five-dimensional U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} models via enhanced Kaluza-Klein signals, with decay channels enabling mass reconstruction to indicate extra dimensions.
Future muon colliders can probe Kaluza-Klein excitations of a 5D U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} gauge boson across MeV to TeV masses with couplings down to 10^{-5}.
Five-dimensional U(1)_{Lμ-Lτ} model predicts multiple gauge bosons whose contributions to elastic neutrino-electron scattering can be probed at DUNE, covering much of the muon (g-2) consistent parameter space.
A gauged U(1)_{Lμ−Lτ} dark sector with kinetic mixing can simultaneously accommodate the muon anomalous magnetic moment excess and the observed dark matter relic density.
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New benchmarks for direct detection of freeze-in dark matter in vector portal models
Freeze-in at low reheating temperatures allows MeV-scale dark matter in vector portal models to be probed by future direct detection experiments in nuclear recoils for 50-500 MeV masses and via enhanced solar neutrino coherent scattering.