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BiMix: A Bivariate Data Mixing Law for Language Model Pretraining

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arxiv 2405.14908 v4 pith:VL73RD4A submitted 2024-05-23 cs.LG cs.AIcs.CL

BiMix: A Bivariate Data Mixing Law for Language Model Pretraining

classification cs.LG cs.AIcs.CL
keywords databimixmixingmodellanguagepretrainingtextbfacross
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, primarily attributed to the utilization of diversely sourced data. However, the impact of pretraining data composition on model performance remains poorly understood. This paper introduces $\textbf{BiMix}$, a novel bivariate data mixing law that models the joint scaling behavior of domain proportions and data volume in LLM pretraining. $\textbf{BiMix}$ provides a systematic framework for understanding and optimizing data mixtures across diverse domains. Through extensive experiments on two large-scale datasets, we demonstrate $\textbf{BiMix}$'s high accuracy in loss extrapolation (mean relative error < 0.2%) and its generalization to unseen mixtures (R${}^{2}$ > 0.97). Optimization of domain proportions yields superior model performance compared to existing methods. Furthermore, we establish entropy-based measures as efficient proxies for data mixing, offering a computationally lightweight strategy. Our work contributes both theoretical insights into data mixing dynamics and practical tools for enhancing LLM training efficiency, paving the way for more effective scaling strategies in language model development.

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