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Higgs sector extension of the neutrino minimal standard model with thermal freeze-in production mechanism
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Submitted 4 Mar 2015
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim The singlet scalar needs to be TeV scale in order to generate the observed DM relic density and baryon number density with the thermal freeze-in production mechanism.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
The neutrino minimal Standard Model ({\nu}MSM) is the minimum extension of the standard model. In this model, the Dodelson-Widrow mechanism (DW) produces keV sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) and the degenerate GeV heavy Majorana neutrinos lead to leptogenesis. However, the DW mechanism has been ruled out by Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and X-ray constraints. An alternative scenario that evades these constraints has been proposed, where the sterile neutrino DM is generated by the thermal freeze-in mechanism via a singlet scalar. In this paper, we consider a Higgs sector extension of the {\nu}MSM to improve dark matter sectors and leptogenesis scenarios, focusing on the thermal freeze-in production mechanism. We discuss various thermal freeze-in scenarios for the production of keV-MeV sterile neutrino DM with a singlet scalar, and reinvestigate the Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and the X-ray constraints on the parameter regions. Furthermore, we propose thermal freeze-in leptogenesis scenarios in the extended {\nu}MSM. The singlet scalar needs to be TeV scale in order to generate the observed DM relic density and baryon number density with the thermal freeze-in production mechanism.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | The neutrino minimal Standard Model ({\nu}MSM) is the minimum extension of the standard model. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | In this model, the Dodelson-Widrow mechanism (DW) produces keV sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) and the degenerate GeV heavy Majorana neutrinos lead to leptogenesis. | background 1.00 | 0.05 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | However, the DW mechanism has been ruled out by Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and X-ray constraints. | background 0.91 | 0.05 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | An alternative scenario that evades these constraints has been proposed, where the sterile neutrino DM is generated by the thermal freeze-in mechanism via a singlet scalar. | background 0.98 | 0.04 | 0.06 | asserted 0.93 |
| s4 | In this paper, we consider a Higgs sector extension of the {\nu}MSM to improve dark matter sectors and leptogenesis scenarios, focusing on the thermal freeze-in production mechanism. | contribution 1.00 | 0.76 | 0.07 | asserted 0.94 |
| s5 | We discuss various thermal freeze-in scenarios for the production of keV-MeV sterile neutrino DM with a singlet scalar, and reinvestigate the Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and the X-ray constraints on the parameter regions. | contribution 0.97 | 0.90 | 0.08 | asserted 0.88 |
| s6 | Furthermore, we propose thermal freeze-in leptogenesis scenarios in the extended {\nu}MSM. | contribution 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.10 | asserted 0.97 |
| s7 | The singlet scalar needs to be TeV scale in order to generate the observed DM relic density and baryon number density with the thermal freeze-in production mechanism. | result 0.99 | 0.69 | 0.51 | asserted 1.00 |
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The paper
Original abstract
The neutrino minimal Standard Model ({\nu}MSM) is the minimum extension of the standard model. In this model, the Dodelson-Widrow mechanism (DW) produces keV sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) and the degenerate GeV heavy Majorana neutrinos lead to leptogenesis. However, the DW mechanism has been ruled out by Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and X-ray constraints. An alternative scenario that evades these constraints has been proposed, where the sterile neutrino DM is generated by the thermal freeze-in mechanism via a singlet scalar. In this paper, we consider a Higgs sector extension of the {\nu}MSM to improve dark matter sectors and leptogenesis scenarios, focusing on the thermal freeze-in production mechanism. We discuss various thermal freeze-in scenarios for the production of keV-MeV sterile neutrino DM with a singlet scalar, and reinvestigate the Lyman-{\alpha} bounds and the X-ray constraints on the parameter regions. Furthermore, we propose thermal freeze-in leptogenesis scenarios in the extended {\nu}MSM. The singlet scalar needs to be TeV scale in order to generate the observed DM relic density and baryon number density with the thermal freeze-in production mechanism.
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References
How the literature uses it
9 arXiv papers cite this in 14 sentences
Papers citing it · 11 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as background 3 papers
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For a thorough review of such theories, see [ref] and [ref] .
Small-scale Cosmic Signatures of Feebly Interacting Massive Particles · Introduction · 1.00
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For instance, ALPs, FIMPs, dark photons, and dark Higgs [ref] ...
Sommerfeld effect in freeze-in dark matter · Freeze-in with the SE and upper bound · 0.96
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This subsection will be based on the discussions in Ref. Petraki:2007gq, Kusenko:2006rh, and Merle:2013wta; however, freeze-in of sterile neutrino dark matter with similar extensions of the Higgs sector has also been explored in, e.g. a neutrophilic two Higgs doublet model [ref] , the scotogenic model [ref] , a scale invariant extension of the $ν$MSM where the scalar also helps with EWSB [ref] , and a general approach with the aim of improving leptogenesis scenarios in addition to improving the dark sector [ref] .
Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter from Freeze-In · Extended Higgs Sector · 0.84
What it cites · 54 sentences without a confident label
Uses data or values from 7 papers
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The relic density of the sterile neutrino DM can be obtained as, [equation] The DM relic density observed by Planck+WP [ref] is estimated as, [equation] The sterile neutrino mass required to explain the observed DM relic density is thus $m _ N _ 1 ≈10 keV$ for $< S > ≈ m _ s ≈1 TeV$ and $m _ N _ 1 ≈1 MeV$ for $< S > ≈ m _ s ≈100 TeV$.
Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters · The singlet scalar is in thermal equilibrium · 1.00
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From the diffuse X-ray background observations XMM-Newton [ref] and HEAO-1 [ref] , the authors of Ref. [ref] obtain the simple empirical formula, [equation] The XMM-Newton observations of the Virgo and Coma galaxy clusters present the more stringent constraints [ref] , [equation] More precise X-ray constraints have been reported in Ref. [ref] .
X-ray background measurements with XMM-Newton EPIC · X-ray constraints and lifetime bounds on sterile neutrino dark matter · 0.86
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From the diffuse X-ray background observations XMM-Newton [ref] and HEAO-1 [ref] , the authors of Ref. [ref] obtain the simple empirical formula, [equation] The XMM-Newton observations of the Virgo and Coma galaxy clusters present the more stringent constraints [ref] , [equation] More precise X-ray constraints have been reported in Ref. [ref] .
The XMM-Newton EPIC Background: Production of Background Maps and Event Files · X-ray constraints and lifetime bounds on sterile neutrino dark matter · 0.86
Compares with 2 papers
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The singlet scalar mass could be more tightly restricted.] This constraint is tighter than that in the DW mechanism $m _ N _ 1 >10 keV$ [ref] .
Constraining Warm Dark Matter candidates including sterile neutrinos and light gravitinos with WMAP and the Lyman-alpha forest · Production via non-thermal decay of the singlet scalar · 0.80
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The singlet scalar mass could be more tightly restricted.] This constraint is tighter than that in the DW mechanism $m _ N _ 1 >10 keV$ [ref] .
Can sterile neutrinos be ruled out as warm dark matter candidates? · Production via non-thermal decay of the singlet scalar · 0.80
Cites as background 15 papers
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The neutrino minimal Standard Model ($ν$MSM) [ref] has three right-handed neutrinos below the electroweak-scale and the lightest right-handed neutrino may have a mass around the keV scale.
The $\nu$MSM, Dark Matter and Neutrino Masses · Introduction · 0.96
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The neutrino minimal Standard Model ($ν$MSM) [ref] has three right-handed neutrinos below the electroweak-scale and the lightest right-handed neutrino may have a mass around the keV scale.
The $\nu$MSM, Dark Matter and Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe · Introduction · 0.96
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The neutrino minimal Standard Model ($ν$MSM) [ref] has three right-handed neutrinos below the electroweak-scale and the lightest right-handed neutrino may have a mass around the keV scale.
Dark Matter, Baryogenesis and Neutrino Oscillations from Right Handed Neutrinos · Introduction · 0.96
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