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IR-truncated $\mathcal{PT}-$symmetric $ix^3$ model and its asymptotic spectral scaling graph

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arxiv 1901.08526 v1 pith:T5OX3QVK submitted 2019-01-24 math-ph cond-mat.stat-mechhep-thmath.MPmath.SPquant-ph

classification math-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-thmath.MPmath.SPquant-ph
keywords mathcalmathbbspectralmodelgraphsmodelsrealscaling
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abstract

The $\mathcal{PT}-$symmetric quantum mechanical $V=ix^3$ model over the real line, $x\in\mathbb{R}$, is infrared (IR) truncated and considered as Sturm-Liouville problem over a finite interval $x\in\left[-L,L\right]\subset\mathbb{R}$. Via WKB and Stokes graph analysis, the location of the complex spectral branches of the $V=ix^3$ model and those of more general $V=-(ix)^{2n+1}$ models over $x\in\left[-L,L\right]\subset\mathbb{R}$ are obtained. The corresponding eigenvalues are mapped onto $L-$invariant asymptotic spectral scaling graphs $\mathcal{R}\subset \mathbb{C}$. These scaling graphs are geometrically invariant and cutoff-independent so that the IR limit $L\to \infty $ can be formally taken. Moreover, an increasing $L$ can be associated with an $\mathcal{R}-$constrained spectral UV$\to$IR renormalization group flow on $\mathcal{R}$. The existence of a scale-invariant $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry breaking region on each of these graphs allows to conclude that the unbounded eigenvalue sequence of the $ix^3$ Hamiltonian over $x\in\mathbb{R}$ can be considered as tending toward a mapped version of such a $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry breaking region at spectral infinity. This provides a simple heuristic explanation for the specific eigenfunction properties described in the literature so far and clear complementary evidence that the $\mathcal{PT}-$symmetric $V=-(ix)^{2n+1}$ models over the real line $x\in\mathbb{R}$ are not equivalent to Hermitian models, but that they rather form a separate model class with purely real spectra. Our findings allow us to hypothesize a possible physical interpretation of the non-Rieszian mode behavior as a related mode condensation process.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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  1. Construction of maximally non-Hermitian potentials under unbroken PT-symmetry constraint

    math-ph 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Explicit exceptional-point parameters are computed for PT-symmetric imaginary potentials in discrete Schrodinger models with up to six grid points, with a unitarity-preserving corridor leading to each extreme.

  2. Intrinsic exceptional point -- a challenge in quantum theory

    quant-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The imaginary cubic oscillator is reinterpreted as an unphysical intrinsic exceptional point that can only be recovered as a singular limit of suitably perturbed Hamiltonians.

  3. Theory of response to perturbations in non-Hermitian systems using five-Hilbert-space reformulation of unitary quantum mechanics

    quant-ph 2019-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A consistent perturbation-theory framework for non-Hermitian (PT-symmetric, pseudo-Hermitian) quantum systems, organized as a five-Hilbert-space scheme that reduces to the standard three-space picture with a reconstru...

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