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Looking for ultralight dark matter near supermassive black holes

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arxiv 1905.11745 v3 pith:6P4XVTGF submitted 2019-05-28 astro-ph.CO hep-ph

Looking for ultralight dark matter near supermassive black holes

classification astro-ph.CO hep-ph
keywords extrapolationmassmeasurementssolitontimes10uldmblackdark
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Measurements of the dynamical environment of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are becoming abundant and precise. We use such measurements to look for ultralight dark matter (ULDM), which is predicted to form dense cores ("solitons") in the centre of galactic halos. We search for the gravitational imprint of an ULDM soliton on stellar orbits near Sgr A* and by combining stellar velocity measurements with Event Horizon Telescope imaging of M87*. Finding no positive evidence, we set limits on the soliton mass for different values of the ULDM particle mass $m$. The constraints we derive exclude the solitons predicted by a naive extrapolation of the soliton-halo relation, found in DM-only numerical simulations, for $2\times10^{-20}~{\rm eV}\lesssim m\lesssim8\times10^{-19}~{\rm eV}$ (from Sgr A*) and $m\lesssim4\times10^{-22}~{\rm eV}$ (from M87*). However, we present theoretical arguments suggesting that an extrapolation of the soliton-halo relation may not be adequate: in some regions of the parameter space, the dynamical effect of the SMBH could cause this extrapolation to over-predict the soliton mass by orders of magnitude.

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Forward citations

Cited by 8 Pith papers

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    hep-ph 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0

    Graviton–photon conversion in M87's magnetic field sets h_c and Ωgw h² limits 1–5 orders of magnitude tighter than Milky Way-based bounds across 10^10–10^27 Hz.

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