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Gravitational Waves from Supercool Axions
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We study the dynamics of the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) phase transition for the QCD axion. In weakly coupled models the transition is typically second order except in the region of parameters where the PQ symmetry is broken through the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. In strongly coupled realizations the transition is often first order. We show examples where the phase transition leads to strong supercooling lowering the nucleation temperature and enhancing the stochastic gravitational wave signals. The models predict a frequency peak in the range 100-1000 Hz with an amplitude that is already within the sensitivity of LIGO and can be thoroughly tested with future gravitational wave interferometers.
Forward citations
Cited by 3 Pith papers
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Gravitational Waves from Particles Produced from Bubble Collisions in First-Order Phase Transitions
Particles produced from bubble collisions generate a gravitational-wave signal whose low-frequency slope can dominate the standard signal from first-order phase transitions.
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Gravitational waves and dark matter with Witten effect
A dark SU(2) phase transition can produce monopole dark matter, make the axion heavy via the Witten effect, and generate nanohertz gravitational waves matching PTA hints.
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Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking
Supercooled phase transitions from radiative symmetry breaking can be described, at leading and next-to-leading order, by formulas depending only on three or four parameters (χ0, β̄, g, and g̃ at NLO).
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