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Tidal Love Numbers of Kerr Black Holes

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arxiv 2010.15795 v2 pith:3CW4KRMT submitted 2020-10-29 gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-th

Tidal Love Numbers of Kerr Black Holes

classification gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-th
keywords blackholetidalkerrlinearlovemomentsperturbation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The open question of whether a Kerr black hole can become tidally deformed or not has profound implications for fundamental physics and gravitational-wave astronomy. We consider a Kerr black hole embedded in a weak and slowly varying, but otherwise arbitrary, multipolar tidal environment. By solving the static Teukolsky equation for the gauge-invariant Weyl scalar $\psi_0$, and by reconstructing the corresponding metric perturbation in an ingoing radiation gauge, for a general harmonic index $\ell$, we compute the linear response of a Kerr black hole to the tidal field. This linear response vanishes identically for a Schwarzschild black hole and for an axisymmetric perturbation of a spinning black hole. For a nonaxisymmetric perturbation of a spinning black hole, however, the linear response does not vanish, and it contributes to the Geroch-Hansen multipole moments of the perturbed Kerr geometry. As an application, we compute explicitly the rotational black hole tidal Love numbers that couple the induced quadrupole moments to the quadrupolar tidal fields, to linear order in the black hole spin, and we introduce the corresponding notion of tidal Love tensor. Finally, we show that those induced quadrupole moments are closely related to the well-known physical phenomenon of tidal torquing of a spinning body interacting with a tidal gravitational environment.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Axial tidal Love numbers of black holes in matter environments

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Axial tidal Love numbers for black holes in anisotropic fluid environments are derived analytically and numerically, with non-compact support density profiles producing logarithmic terms that obstruct standard tidal m...

  2. Dynamical tidal Love numbers of black holes under generic perturbations: Connecting black hole perturbation theory with effective field theory

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Dynamical tidal Love numbers for Kerr black holes are obtained to linear frequency order by matching EFT worldline couplings to black-hole perturbation solutions, including spin-induced mode mixing.

  3. Horizon Multipole Moments of a Kerr Black Hole

    gr-qc 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Horizon multipole moments of a Kerr black hole are computed in closed form from two definitions, yielding different values for l >= 1 at nonzero spin and sharing parity and small-spin scaling with field multipoles.

  4. Fermionic Love number of higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Fermionic tidal Love numbers for D-dimensional RN black holes remain nonzero for all angular momentum l (except extremal cases) and lose their l-dependence as D grows to infinity.

  5. Static electromagnetic Love tensors of 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes

    hep-th 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Derives exact hypergeometric solutions for static perturbations of 5D Myers-Perry black holes and iteratively computes electromagnetic Love tensors showing lower-to-higher angular momentum mode mixing in the response.

  6. The relativistic restricted three-body problem: geometry and motion around tidally perturbed black holes

    gr-qc 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Increasing tidal deformation around a black hole drives bound geodesics through weak chaos, plunging, unbinding, and eventual depletion of all bound motion, with semi-analytic critical amplitudes for each transition.

  7. Tidal Love numbers for regular black holes

    gr-qc 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Tidal Love numbers of regular black holes are generically nonzero, model-dependent, and can acquire logarithmic scale dependence at higher perturbative orders.

  8. Fermionic Love number of Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes

    gr-qc 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Static fermionic tidal Love numbers are non-vanishing for non-extremal Reissner-Nordström black holes.

  9. The Radius of PSR J0740+6620 from NICER and XMM-Newton Data

    astro-ph.HE 2021-05 conditional novelty 6.0

    PSR J0740+6620 has an equatorial radius of 13.7^{+2.6}_{-1.5} km, and multi-messenger data constrain 1.4 and 2.08 solar-mass neutron star radii to 12.45 and 12.35 km respectively.

  10. Tidal deformation of an accreting compact object

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    For perfectly reflecting Schwarzschild-like ECOs, the log-compactness scaling of static scalar and spin-1 Love numbers survives a thin accretion disk, which mainly amplifies the response magnitude.

  11. Dynamical Tidal Response of Non-rotating Black Holes: Connecting the MST Formalism and Worldline EFT

    gr-qc 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Renormalized dynamical tidal response functions for non-rotating black holes in GR carry inevitable ambiguities from renormalization scheme and flow initial condition, yielding scheme-dependent dynamical tidal Love nu...

  12. Universal Ladder Structure Across Scales: From Quantum to Black Hole Physics

    gr-qc 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    A symmetry-based litmus test identifies when physical systems governed by second-order ODEs possess ladder structures and constructs them, linking supersymmetric quantum mechanics to Kerr black-hole tidal responses.

  13. Love numbers of black holes and compact objects

    gr-qc 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    A pedagogical review of Love numbers and tidal responses for black holes and compact objects in general relativity and extensions.