High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · arXiv:2103.17078 v4 · submitted 31 Mar 2021
A new and gauge-invariant Littlest Higgs model with T-parity
The paper says
“Furthermore, we find that the singlet must be T-even, the global symmetry group must be enlarged, an additional non-linear sigma field should be introduced to parametrize the spontaneous symmetry breaking and new extra fermionic degrees of freedom are required to give a mass to all fermions in an economic way while preserving gauge invariance.”
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The paper
Abstract
We inspect the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity, based on a global symmetry SU(5) spontaneously broken to SO(5), in order to elucidate the pathologies it presents due to the non trivial interplay between the gauge invariance associated to the heavy modes and the discrete T-parity symmetry. In particular, the usual Yukawa Lagrangian responsible for providing masses to the heavy `mirror' fermions is not gauge invariant. This is because it contains an SO(5) quintuplet of right-handed fermions that transforms non-linearly under SU(5), hence involving in general all SO(5) generators when a gauge transformation is performed and not only those associated to its gauge subgroup. Part of the solution to this problem consists of completing the right-handed fermion quintuplet with T-odd `mirror partners' and a gauge singlet, what has been previously suggested for other purposes. Furthermore, we find that the singlet must be T-even, the global symmetry group must be enlarged, an additional non-linear sigma field should be introduced to parametrize the spontaneous symmetry breaking and new extra fermionic degrees of freedom are required to give a mass to all fermions in an economic way while preserving gauge invariance. Finally, we derive the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the Goldstone fields using the background field method.
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abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
How the main claim is stated: asserted 1.00
What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.06 · states limitation 0.16 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.03 · compares with prior results 0.29 · mentions code or data availability 0.02
The abstract, sentence by sentence
This table labels the abstract only (arXiv listing abstract v4). The number is the probability the classifier gave the label.
| Sentence | Role | The authors' own work | States the main conclusion | Strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| We inspect the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity, based on a global symmetry SU(5) spontaneously broken to SO(5), in order to elucidate the pathologies it presents due to the non trivial interplay between the gauge invariance associated to the heavy modes and the discrete T-parity symmetry. | contribution 0.73 | 0.84 | 0.10 | asserted 0.95 |
| In particular, the usual Yukawa Lagrangian responsible for providing masses to the heavy `mirror' fermions is not gauge invariant. | result 0.74 | 0.41 | 0.15 | asserted 1.00 |
| This is because it contains an SO(5) quintuplet of right-handed fermions that transforms non-linearly under SU(5), hence involving in general all SO(5) generators when a gauge transformation is performed and not only those associated to its gauge subgroup. | interpretation 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.06 | asserted 0.98 |
| Part of the solution to this problem consists of completing the right-handed fermion quintuplet with T-odd `mirror partners' and a gauge singlet, what has been previously suggested for other purposes. | background 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.10 | asserted 0.62 |
| Furthermore, we find that the singlet must be T-even, the global symmetry group must be enlarged, an additional non-linear sigma field should be introduced to parametrize the spontaneous symmetry breaking and new extra fermionic degrees of freedom are required to give a mass to all fermions in an economic way while preserving gauge invariance. | contribution 0.54 | 0.91 | 0.63 | asserted 1.00 |
| Finally, we derive the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the Goldstone fields using the background field method. | contribution 0.40 | 0.95 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: theoretical result 1.00 · evidence from proof or derivation 0.99
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How the labels were made
Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,206 input tokens.
Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. This record as JSON
How the literature uses it
5 arXiv papers cite this in 16 sentences
Papers citing it · 8 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as support 1 paper
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In fact, it has been shown [ref] that a gauge transformation involves all the 5 generators, not only those associated to the gauge group, which implies that any 5 multiplet should be complete because in general a gauge transformation will mix all its components.
Phenomenological implications of the new Littlest Higgs model with T-parity · Introduction · 0.99
Cites it as background 4 papers
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In this work we have reviewed the new Littlest Higgs model with T-parity (NLHT) [ref] and explored its main phenomenological consequences.
Phenomenological implications of the new Littlest Higgs model with T-parity · Conclusions · 0.84
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LFV has been extensively studied within this model [ref] .
Lepton flavor violation within the Simplest Little Higgs model · Introduction · 0.94
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On the other hand, models that try to address other theoretical problems including Composite or Little Higgs [ref] , Extra Dimensions [ref] , Majorons [ref] , or more generally string theory [ref] also include in their spectrum scalar particles resulting from the spontaneous breaking of global symmetry groups that exhibit properties akin to those of the QCD axion: they are singlets under the SM gauge group, naturally lightweight, and weakly coupled.
Dark Radiation production in axion misalignment mechanisms and the cosmological tensions · Introduction · 0.82
What it cites · 70 sentences without a confident label
Builds on 3 papers
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A mechanism to accommodate neutrino masses in the new LHT model, completing the work in [ref] , will also be presented elsewhere.
Inverse see-saw neutrino masses in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity · Conclusions and outlook · 0.80
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As a future work, we plan to extend previous phenomenological studies on lepton flavor changing processes in the context of the LHT model [ref] ($Z$ and Higgs decays, two and three body lepton decays, $μ→e$ conversion in nuclei) to include the contributions from the new fermion and scalar fields.
Lepton Flavor Changing Higgs decays in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity · Conclusions and outlook · 0.84
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As a future work, we plan to extend previous phenomenological studies on lepton flavor changing processes in the context of the LHT model [ref] ($Z$ and Higgs decays, two and three body lepton decays, $μ→e$ conversion in nuclei) to include the contributions from the new fermion and scalar fields.
The Full Lepton Flavor of the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity · Conclusions and outlook · 0.84
Uses the method or tool of 8 papers
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Once the new Lagrangian is built, we derive the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the scalar fields [ref] following the background field method [ref] , that allows for the calculation of the divergent part of the potential in terms of the non-linear sigma fields of the theory.
Deriving Non-decoupling Effects of Heavy Fields from the Path Integral: a Heavy Higgs Field in an SU(2) Gauge Theory · Introduction · 1.00
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Once the new Lagrangian is built, we derive the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the scalar fields [ref] following the background field method [ref] , that allows for the calculation of the divergent part of the potential in terms of the non-linear sigma fields of the theory.
Complete One-Loop Renormalization of the Higgs-Electroweak Chiral Lagrangian · Introduction · 1.00
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Once the new Lagrangian is built, we derive the Coleman-Weinberg potential for the scalar fields [ref] following the background field method [ref] , that allows for the calculation of the divergent part of the potential in terms of the non-linear sigma fields of the theory.
Master formula for one-loop renormalization of bosonic SMEFT operators · Introduction · 1.00
Compares with 2 papers
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On the other hand, the matrices $W≡V^ℓ^c_-†_L V_L^H$ and $Z≡(V^χ_R)^†V^H_R$ introduced in [ref] are both the identity in our model, since now the T-odd combination of the mirror-partner leptons and the T-even combination of the $χ$ receive their masses from the same Yukawa Lagrangian $_Y_H$.
Inverse see-saw neutrino masses in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity · Fermion masses and mixings · 0.95
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On the other hand, the matrices $W≡V^ℓ^c_-†_L V_L^H$ and $Z≡(V^χ_R)^†V^H_R$ introduced in [ref] are both the identity in our model, since now the T-odd combination of the mirror-partner leptons and the T-even combination of the $χ$ receive their masses from the same Yukawa Lagrangian $_Y_H$.
Lepton Flavor Changing Higgs decays in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity · Fermion masses and mixings · 0.95
Cites as support 1 paper
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The matter content, that includes extra fermions, breaks explicitly the gauge invariance of the model, as was already pointed out in [ref] .
T-parity, its problems and their solution · Introduction · 0.97
Cites as background 11 papers
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For a T-parity transformation it is common to contemplate two options [ref] : a) Ψ_1ΩΣ_0Ψ_2, b) Ψ_1-Σ_0Ψ_2.
Lepton Flavor Changing Higgs decays in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity · Fermion sector · 0.84
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For a T-parity transformation it is common to contemplate two options [ref] : a) Ψ_1ΩΣ_0Ψ_2, b) Ψ_1-Σ_0Ψ_2.
T Parity and the Littlest Higgs · Fermion sector · 0.84
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For a T-parity transformation it is common to contemplate two options [ref] : a) Ψ_1ΩΣ_0Ψ_2, b) Ψ_1-Σ_0Ψ_2.
Inverse see-saw neutrino masses in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity · Fermion sector · 0.84
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