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The impact of relativistic corrections on the detectability of dark-matter spikes with gravitational waves

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arxiv 2204.12508 v1 pith:J4KVUGME submitted 2022-04-26 gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-ph

classification gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph
keywords darkmatterrelativisticdynamicalfrictionspikescorrectionseffects
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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Black holes located within a dark matter cloud can create overdensity regions known as dark matter spikes. The presence of spikes modifies the gravitational-wave signals from binary systems through changes in the gravitational potential or dynamical friction effects. We assess the importance of including relativistic effects in both the dark matter distribution and the dynamical friction. As a first step we numerically calculate the particle dark matter spike distribution in full general relativity, using both Hernquist and Navarro-Frenk-White profiles in a Schwarzschild background, and we produce analytical fits to the spike profiles for a large range of scale parameters. Then we use a post-Newtonian prescription for the gravitational-wave dephasing to estimate the effect of relativistic corrections to the spike profile and to the dynamical friction. Finally we include the torques generated by dynamical friction in fast-to-generate relativistic models for circular extreme mass-ratio inspirals around a nonspinning black hole. We find that both types of relativistic corrections positively impact the detectability of dark matter effects, leading to higher dephasings and mismatches between gravitational-wave signals with and without dark matter spikes.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Dissecting environmental effects with eccentric gravitational wave sources

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    Resonances between oscillating environmental forces and the epicyclic motion of eccentric binaries can dominate gravitational wave dephasing over orbit-averaged drag for eccentricities above about 0.05.

  2. Environmental effects in extreme mass ratio inspirals: perturbations to the environment in Kerr

    gr-qc 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A perturbative calculation shows that a secondary body in Kerr spacetime creates a wake in a superradiant scalar cloud, with energy fluxes that differ from Schwarzschild predictions by tens of percent.

  3. Black hole spacetimes with dark matter spikes: Energy-momentum tensor and backreaction effects

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A dark-matter spike built from the full orbital motion of its particles has ~50% more energy density near the black hole and produces metric deviations ~2.5 times larger than mass-only models.

  4. Tidal Love numbers and quasi-normal modes of the Schwarzschild-Hernquist black hole

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For a Schwarzschild black hole in a relativistic Hernquist dark matter halo, quasinormal-mode frequency shifts scale as (MDM/rs)^(3/2) rather than linearly, while tidal Love numbers are small and sensitive to the choi...

  5. Eccentricity-Modulated Phase Degeneracy and Distinguishability between Dark Matter and Accretion Disk Environmental Effects in EMRIs

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.5 of 10

    DM dephasing in EMRIs is nearly eccentricity-independent while disk dephasing is strongly suppressed by e0, so residual SNR and distinguishability time favor slightly eccentric orbits for LISA separation of the two effects.

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