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Operator Growth in Open Quantum Systems
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The spreading of quantum information in closed systems, often termed scrambling, is a hallmark of many-body quantum dynamics. In open systems, scrambling competes with noise, errors and decoherence. Here, we provide a universal framework that describes the scrambling of quantum information in open systems: we predict that the effect of open-system dynamics is fundamentally controlled by operator size distributions and independent of the microscopic error mechanism. This framework allows us to demonstrate that open quantum systems exhibit universal classes of information dynamics that fundamentally differ from their unitary counterparts. Implications for Loschmidt echo experiments and the classical simulability of open quantum dynamics will be discussed.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Refining the Understanding of Operator Size Dynamics in Open Quantum Systems
In Brownian SYK models, operator size under the bath-traced Lindblad definition shows a scrambling signature only for intra-system interactions, with the same early-time critical point as the full-contour definition, ...
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Scrambling Enabled Entropy Accumulation in Open Quantum Systems
A weak probe coupled to an open quantum system accumulates a finite Rényi entropy increase only when the system is in the scrambling phase, vanishing in the dissipative phase as the probe coupling goes to zero.
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