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Robotic Skill Acquisition via Instruction Augmentation with Vision-Language Models

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arxiv 2211.11736 v3 pith:P4Y6LMG7 submitted 2022-11-21 cs.RO cs.AIcs.LG

Robotic Skill Acquisition via Instruction Augmentation with Vision-Language Models

classification cs.RO cs.AIcs.LG
keywords languagedatasetsdatadiallearningmodelspoliciesrobotic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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In recent years, much progress has been made in learning robotic manipulation policies that follow natural language instructions. Such methods typically learn from corpora of robot-language data that was either collected with specific tasks in mind or expensively re-labelled by humans with rich language descriptions in hindsight. Recently, large-scale pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP or ViLD have been applied to robotics for learning representations and scene descriptors. Can these pretrained models serve as automatic labelers for robot data, effectively importing Internet-scale knowledge into existing datasets to make them useful even for tasks that are not reflected in their ground truth annotations? To accomplish this, we introduce Data-driven Instruction Augmentation for Language-conditioned control (DIAL): we utilize semi-supervised language labels leveraging the semantic understanding of CLIP to propagate knowledge onto large datasets of unlabelled demonstration data and then train language-conditioned policies on the augmented datasets. This method enables cheaper acquisition of useful language descriptions compared to expensive human labels, allowing for more efficient label coverage of large-scale datasets. We apply DIAL to a challenging real-world robotic manipulation domain where 96.5% of the 80,000 demonstrations do not contain crowd-sourced language annotations. DIAL enables imitation learning policies to acquire new capabilities and generalize to 60 novel instructions unseen in the original dataset.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. VoxPoser: Composable 3D Value Maps for Robotic Manipulation with Language Models

    cs.RO 2023-07 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    VoxPoser uses LLMs to compose 3D value maps via VLM interaction for model-based synthesis of robust robot trajectories on open-set language-specified manipulation tasks.

  2. Weights or Skills? A Survey of Robot-Learning Techniques: from Action-Predicting Weights to Robots that Write their Own Skills

    cs.RO 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0

    A taxonomy of robot learning on a weights-versus-skills axis, with a five-rung self-improvement ladder whose top cell (feedback plus memory plus search) holds only a few recent systems.

  3. Learning More from Less: Reinforcement Learning from Hindsight

    cs.LG 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Hindsight language-and-reward relabeling of failed VLA rollouts by a VLM yields roughly 5× sample-efficiency gains over standard GRPO on OOD LIBERO-PRO and real Franka tasks.

  4. FineVLA: Fine-Grained Instruction Alignment for Steerable Vision-Language-Action Policies

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    FineVLA unifies robot datasets into 47k fine-grained trajectories, adds a VLM annotator and benchmark, and shows that mixing fine-grained and goal-level instructions improves steerable control without hurting task success.

  5. PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Model

    cs.LG 2023-03 conditional novelty 6.0

    PaLM-E is a single 562B-parameter multimodal model that performs embodied reasoning tasks like robotic manipulation planning and visual question answering by interleaving vision, state, and text inputs with positive t...

  6. Scaling Robot Learning with Semantically Imagined Experience

    cs.RO 2023-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Augmenting robot datasets via diffusion-based semantic inpainting enables manipulation policies to solve unseen tasks with new objects and improves robustness to novel distractors.