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An aperiodic monotile

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arxiv 2303.10798 v3 pith:BZBGCVCO submitted 2023-03-20 math.CO cs.DMmath.MG

classification math.COcs.DMmath.MG
keywords aperiodictilingscontinuumformmetatilesmonotileplanepolygons
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A longstanding open problem asks for an aperiodic monotile, also known as an "einstein": a shape that admits tilings of the plane, but never periodic tilings. We answer this problem for topological disk tiles by exhibiting a continuum of combinatorially equivalent aperiodic polygons. We first show that a representative example, the "hat" polykite, can form clusters called "metatiles", for which substitution rules can be defined. Because the metatiles admit tilings of the plane, so too does the hat. We then prove that generic members of our continuum of polygons are aperiodic, through a new kind of geometric incommensurability argument. Separately, we give a combinatorial, computer-assisted proof that the hat must form hierarchical -- and hence aperiodic -- tilings.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

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    A sigma-morphic protoset made entirely of convex polygons is constructed by replacing the bumps and nicks of a known non-convex example with angular convex notches.

  2. Escher Tile Deformation via Closed-Form Solution

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  3. On the long-range order of the Spectre tilings

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  4. Quantum error-correcting codes from aperiodic monotiles: the Hat and the Spectre

    quant-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The Hat and Spectre aperiodic monotiles define erasure-correcting quantum codes with two local-indistinguishability sectors; under SE(2) the Hat retains a superselected chirality bit while the Spectre's label is gauged away.

  5. Undecidability of Translational Tiling with Three Tiles

    math.CO 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Deciding translational tiling of Z^4 by three connected polyhypercubes is undecidable, shown by reduction from Wang's domino problem.

  6. Quasilattices of the Spectre monotile

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    Decorating every Spectre tile with the same point yields a wide variety of non-periodic quasilattices, including sparse, clustered, and near-hexagonal examples.

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