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Learning to Compress Prompts with Gist Tokens

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arxiv 2304.08467 v3 pith:XQWYELDC submitted 2023-04-17 cs.CL

Learning to Compress Prompts with Gist Tokens

classification cs.CL
keywords promptsgistcompresscompressionfinetuninggistingmodelsprompt
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Prompting is the primary way to utilize the multitask capabilities of language models (LMs), but prompts occupy valuable space in the input context window, and repeatedly encoding the same prompt is computationally inefficient. Finetuning and distillation methods allow for specialization of LMs without prompting, but require retraining the model for each task. To avoid this trade-off entirely, we present gisting, which trains an LM to compress prompts into smaller sets of "gist" tokens which can be cached and reused for compute efficiency. Gist models can be trained with no additional cost over standard instruction finetuning by simply modifying Transformer attention masks to encourage prompt compression. On decoder (LLaMA-7B) and encoder-decoder (FLAN-T5-XXL) LMs, gisting enables up to 26x compression of prompts, resulting in up to 40% FLOPs reductions, 4.2% wall time speedups, and storage savings, all with minimal loss in output quality.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

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