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When Foundation Model Meets Federated Learning: Motivations, Challenges, and Future Directions

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arxiv 2306.15546 v3 pith:GHLH2HBG submitted 2023-06-27 cs.LG cs.AIcs.DC

classification cs.LGcs.AIcs.DC
keywords datachallengesfoundationfuturelearningcollaborativedevelopmentdirections
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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The intersection of Foundation Model (FM) and Federated Learning (FL) presents a unique opportunity to unlock new possibilities for real-world applications. On the one hand, FL, as a collaborative learning paradigm, help address challenges in FM development by expanding data availability, enabling computation sharing, facilitating the collaborative development of FMs, tackling continuous data update, avoiding FM monopoly, response delay and FM service down. On the other hand, FM, equipped with pre-trained knowledge and exceptional performance, can serve as a robust starting point for FL. It can also generate synthetic data to enrich data diversity and enhance overall performance of FL. Meanwhile, FM unlocks new sharing paradigm and multi-task and multi-modality capabilities for FL. By examining the interplay between FL and FM, this paper presents the motivations, challenges, and future directions of empowering FL with FM and empowering FM with FL. We hope that this work provides a good foundation to inspire future research efforts to drive advancements in both fields.

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Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. FM$^2$: Unified Federated Foundation Models for Heterogeneous Multimodal Medical Imaging

    cs.CV 2026-07 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    FM² uses dual mixture-of-experts (per-class local, per-modality shared) with a proximal alignment regularizer to train federated medical imaging models across overlapped and disjoint modality settings, reporting consi...

  2. Flexible Personalized Split Federated Learning for On-Device Fine-Tuning of Foundation Models

    cs.DC 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    FlexP-SFL fine-tunes foundation models on resource-constrained devices through personalized split learning without parameter aggregation, improving accuracy and cutting wall-clock time and communication versus federat...

  3. Fed-HeLLo: Efficient Federated Foundation Model Fine-Tuning with Heterogeneous LoRA Allocation

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Fed-HeLLo allocates different LoRA layers to clients of different resource levels using importance scores and geometric patterns, improving federated fine-tuning accuracy over random allocation baselines.

  4. FEDEXCHANGE: Bridging the Domain Gap in Federated Object Detection for Free

    cs.LG 2025-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    FEDEXCHANGE improves cross-domain federated object detection by server-side clustering and exchanging client decoder models, achieving higher mAP in some domains at no extra local compute.

  5. BetaWeb: Towards a Blockchain-enabled Trustworthy Agentic Web

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    BetaWeb promises a blockchain-enabled trustworthy agentic web, but the submitted manuscript body is a different mining-robot paper, leaving the proposal without supporting evidence.

  6. Scaling Decentralized Learning with FLock

    cs.LG 2025-07 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    FLock claims the first secure decentralized fine-tuning of a 70B-class LLM, but the experiments omit the validator mechanism and compare against weak baselines.

  7. FedPhD: Federated Pruning with Hierarchical Learning of Diffusion Models

    cs.LG 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A hierarchical federated learning method with distribution-aware aggregation and structured pruning trains diffusion models under non-IID data with lower communication cost.

  8. Towards Group Fairness with Multiple Sensitive Attributes in Federated Foundation Models

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

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