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Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?

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arxiv 2306.17205 v1 pith:VBPG6J3F submitted 2023-06-29 astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th

Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?

classification astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th
keywords phasearraybackgroundcollaborationsdetectedfirstorderparameters
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We show that the recent detection of a gravitational wave (GW) background reported by various pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations including NANOGrav-15yr, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA can be explained in terms of first order phase transitions (FOPTs) from dark sector models (DSM). Specifically, we explore a model for first order phase transitions that involves the majoron, a Nambu-Goldstone boson that is emerging from the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a $U(1)_{L}$ or $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry. We show how the predicted GW power spectrum, with a realistic choice of the FOPT parameters, is consistent with 1-$\sigma$ deviations from the estimated parameters of the background detected by the PTA collaborations.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

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