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Unleashing the Emergent Cognitive Synergy in Large Language Models: A Task-Solving Agent through Multi-Persona Self-Collaboration

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arxiv 2307.05300 v4 pith:IKJU6V3U submitted 2023-07-11 cs.AI cs.CL

classification cs.AIcs.CL
keywords cognitivepersonassynergyllmsmultipleabilitiesagentcompared
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Human intelligence thrives on cognitive synergy, where collaboration among different minds yield superior outcomes compared to isolated individuals. In this work, we propose Solo Performance Prompting (SPP), which transforms a single LLM into a cognitive synergist by engaging in multi-turn self-collaboration with multiple personas. A cognitive synergist is an intelligent agent that collaboratively combines multiple minds' strengths and knowledge to enhance problem-solving in complex tasks. By dynamically identifying and simulating different personas based on task inputs, SPP unleashes the potential of cognitive synergy in LLMs. Our in-depth analysis shows that assigning multiple fine-grained personas in LLMs improves problem-solving abilities compared to using a single or fixed number of personas. We evaluate SPP on three challenging tasks: Trivia Creative Writing, Codenames Collaborative, and Logic Grid Puzzle, encompassing both knowledge-intensive and reasoning-intensive types. Unlike previous works, such as Chain-of-Thought, that solely enhance the reasoning abilities in LLMs, experimental results demonstrate that SPP effectively reduces factual hallucination, and maintains strong reasoning capabilities. Additionally, comparative experiments show that cognitive synergy only emerges in GPT-4 and does not appear in less capable models, such as GPT-3.5-turbo and Llama2-13b-chat, which draws an interesting analogy to human development. Code, data, and prompts can be found at: https://github.com/MikeWangWZHL/Solo-Performance-Prompting.git.

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Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

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    A perturbation-based framework measures how value opinions propagate through multi-agent LLM systems, revealing that susceptibility varies by value, model, and topology.

  2. KVFlow: Efficient Prefix Caching for Accelerating LLM-Based Multi-Agent Workflows

    cs.DC 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    KVFlow uses workflow-aware eviction priorities and overlapped KV prefetching to cut cache-miss latency in LLM multi-agent serving.

  3. Spec2RTL-Agent: Automated Hardware Code Generation from Complex Specifications Using LLM Agent Systems

    cs.AR 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    On three NIST crypto standards (AES, DSS, HMAC), Spec2RTL-Agent generates RTL via a multi-agent pipeline from pseudocode to Python to synthesizable C++, reporting 3/3 correct designs with about 4.3 human interventions...

  4. MasHost Builds It All: Autonomous Multi-Agent System Directed by Reinforcement Learning

    cs.MA 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    MasHost uses reinforcement learning to autonomously construct query-adaptive multi-agent graphs, and its authors report the best average accuracy across six LLM benchmarks.

  5. From Virtual Agents to Robot Teams: A Multi-Robot Framework Evaluation in High-Stakes Healthcare Context

    cs.RO 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Adding a structured knowledge base raised a simulated CrewAI healthcare robot team's process score from 45.29% to 72.94%, but five failure modes, including false completion and poor recovery, persisted.

  6. The Virtual Roundtable: Multi-Agent Personas Simulating the Dynamics of Human Brainstorming

    cs.HC 2026-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Facilitated multi-agent personas can run divergent-then-convergent brainstorming; longer discussion deepens idea lineage and cross-persona absorption but does not increase idea diversity.

  7. P-CoT: A Pedagogically-motivated Participatory Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Phonological Reasoning in LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-07 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    P-CoT prompting improves many LLM results on PhonologyBench tasks, but it does not consistently beat baselines across all models and tasks as the paper claims.

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  9. DRF: LLM-AGENT Dynamic Reputation Filtering Framework

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  11. Mixture of Reasonings: Teach Large Language Models to Reason with Adaptive Strategies

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    MoR fine-tunes Qwen2.5 on GPT-4o-selected reasoning templates, claiming up to 13.5% accuracy gains, but the reported gains are not robustly supported.

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