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Observing the quantum Mpemba effect in quantum simulations
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Observing the quantum Mpemba effect in quantum simulations
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The non-equilibrium physics of many-body quantum systems harbors various unconventional phenomena. In this study, we experimentally investigate one of the most puzzling of these phenomena -- the quantum Mpemba effect, where a tilted ferromagnet restores its symmetry more rapidly when it is farther from the symmetric state compared to when it is closer. We present the first experimental evidence of the occurrence of this effect in a trapped-ion quantum simulator. The symmetry breaking and restoration are monitored through entanglement asymmetry, probed via randomized measurements, and postprocessed using the classical shadows technique. Our findings are further substantiated by measuring the Frobenius distance between the experimental state and the stationary thermal symmetric theoretical state, offering direct evidence of subsystem thermalization.
Forward citations
Cited by 3 Pith papers
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Resource-Theoretic Quantifiers of Weak and Strong Symmetry Breaking: Strong Entanglement Asymmetry and Beyond
A resource theory for strong symmetry breaking is formulated, with the variance of the conserved quantity characterizing its asymptotic manipulation for U(1) symmetry and enabling tracking of weak-to-strong conversion...
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Anomalous Decay of Quantum Resources: The Entanglement Sudden Death Mpemba Effect
More strongly entangled two-qubit states can reach separability faster than weakly entangled ones under local amplitude damping, forming an ESD Mpemba effect with an exact analytical derivation of crossover time.
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Anomalous Decay of Quantum Resources: The Entanglement Sudden Death Mpemba Effect
More strongly entangled two-qubit states can lose entanglement faster than weaker ones under local amplitude damping due to excited-state population catalyzing sudden death.
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