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Lanczos, the transfer matrix, and the signal-to-noise problem

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arxiv 2406.20009 v4 pith:MUCVRF3Z submitted 2024-06-28 hep-lat hep-phnucl-th

Lanczos, the transfer matrix, and the signal-to-noise problem

classification hep-lat hep-phnucl-th
keywords lanczosmethodalgorithmenergylqcdmassmatrixprovides
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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This work introduces a method for determining the energy spectrum of lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) by applying the Lanczos algorithm to the transfer matrix and using a bootstrap generalization of the Cullum-Willoughby method to filter out spurious eigenvalues. Proof-of-principle analyses of the simple harmonic oscillator and the LQCD proton mass demonstrate that this method provides faster ground-state convergence than the "effective mass," which is related to the power-iteration algorithm. Lanczos provides more accurate energy estimates than multi-state fits to correlation functions with small imaginary times while achieving comparable statistical precision. Two-sided error bounds are computed for Lanczos results and guarantee that excited-state effects cannot shift Lanczos results far outside their statistical uncertainties.

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