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FaithEval: Can Your Language Model Stay Faithful to Context, Even If "The Moon is Made of Marshmallows"

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arxiv 2410.03727 v3 pith:NFW6LGG7 submitted 2024-09-30 cs.CL cs.AIcs.LG

classification cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
keywords modelscontextfaithevalfaithfulnessacrossevenfaithfulinformation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Ensuring faithfulness to context in large language models (LLMs) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems is crucial for reliable deployment in real-world applications, as incorrect or unsupported information can erode user trust. Despite advancements on standard benchmarks, faithfulness hallucination-where models generate responses misaligned with the provided context-remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce FaithEval, a novel and comprehensive benchmark tailored to evaluate the faithfulness of LLMs in contextual scenarios across three diverse tasks: unanswerable, inconsistent, and counterfactual contexts. These tasks simulate real-world challenges where retrieval mechanisms may surface incomplete, contradictory, or fabricated information. FaithEval comprises 4.9K high-quality problems in total, validated through a rigorous four-stage context construction and validation framework, employing both LLM-based auto-evaluation and human validation. Our extensive study across a wide range of open-source and proprietary models reveals that even state-of-the-art models often struggle to remain faithful to the given context, and that larger models do not necessarily exhibit improved faithfulness.Project is available at: https://github.com/SalesforceAIResearch/FaithEval.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. ReSum: Synergizing LLM Reasoning and Summarization with Reinforcement Learning

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    ReSum trains LLMs via RLVR to self-summarize reasoning trajectories, yielding 4% average performance gains and 18.6% shorter rollouts through contrastive rollout branches.

  2. Discourse-Role Labels as Presentation-Time Variables for Context Use in Language Models

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Discourse-role labels on identical misleading context cause 56-84 percentage point shifts in LLMs adopting the injected wrong answer.

  3. Context-Fidelity Boosting: Enhancing Faithful Generation through Watermark-Inspired Decoding

    cs.CL 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Context-Fidelity Boosting reduces faithfulness hallucinations by applying context-based logit boosts to source-supported tokens during LLM decoding.

  4. MMOOC: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Out-of-Context Evaluation in Multimodal Large Language Models

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    MMOOC, a 41K-pair benchmark, shows current multimodal LLMs struggle to both refuse truly out-of-context questions and correctly answer questions that remain answerable despite misleading or shifted context.

  5. On Improving Faithfulness of Podcasts from Documents

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    AI-generated podcasts often add unsupported claims; a turn-level detector plus rewrite pass improves measured faithfulness across five models and in- and out-of-domain documents.

  6. ReSum: Synergizing LLM Reasoning and Summarization with Reinforcement Learning

    cs.AI 2026-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ReSum's contrastive RL branching on self-summarization points improves LLM math reasoning accuracy by about 4% and shortens rollouts by about 18.6% across tested backbones.

  7. A Benchmark Construction and Evaluation Framework for Specialist Domains: Case Study on Defense-related Documents

    cs.CL 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    DoRA is a new synthetic benchmark for RAG-based QA on defense documents where fine-tuning Llama3.1-8B-Instruct on it improves task success by up to 26% and cuts hallucination rates by 47%.

  8. Shorter, but Still Trustworthy? An Empirical Study of Chain-of-Thought Compression

    cs.CL 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    CoT compression frequently introduces trustworthiness regressions with method-specific degradation profiles; a proposed normalized efficiency score and alignment-aware DPO variant reduce length by 19.3% with smaller t...

  9. When Less is More: The LLM Scaling Paradox in Context Compression

    cs.LG 2026-02 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Larger LLM compressors in lossy setups often yield less faithful context reconstructions due to knowledge overwriting and semantic drift, with mid-sized models outperforming larger ones across 27 tested configurations.

  10. ReasoningTrack: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Long-term Vision-Language Tracking

    cs.CV 2025-08 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    FAITH masks numbers in real 10-K reports to test when financial LLMs hallucinate, and finds even top models err on 10-20% of multi-step calculations.

  11. Why LLMs Hallucinate on Structured Knowledge: A Mechanistic Analysis of Reasoning over Linearized Representations

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Hallucinations on structured knowledge arise from attention concentrating on shortcut structural cues and feed-forward layers failing to ground provided knowledge, with these patterns generalizing across single-hop, m...

  12. A Benchmark Construction and Evaluation Framework for Specialist Domains: Case Study on Defense-related Documents

    cs.CL 2026-04 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    DoRA generates synthetic RAG training and evaluation data from 40 defense documents, halving hallucination rates in a LoRA-adapted Llama3.1-8B compared to 8 baselines.

  13. Not All Needles Are Found: How Fact Distribution and Don't Make It Up Prompts Shape Retrieval, Reasoning, and Hallucination in Long-Context LLMs

    cs.CL 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    On a new extended needle-in-a-haystack benchmark, explicit anti-hallucination prompts and dispersed fact placement cause some long-context LLMs to over-refuse or collapse in accuracy, while others remain robust.

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